The experts regard Turkey’s target of putting the Black Sea’s natural gas into service by 2023 quite assertive then again, they find it achievable by exemplifying Egypt’s Zohr field. The Black Sea’s natural gas reserves’ potential effects over import agreements are also on the agenda.

ŞEREF KILIÇLI

The discovery of 405 billion cubic meters of natural gas at the Sakarya Gas Field off the Black Sea once again prioritized energy in Turkey’s agenda. Turkey’s technical know-how and its future accomplishments are being discussed within this scope, as well as the impact of the energy policies over the economy. Mehmet Öğütçü, Founder and Executive Chair of the Bosphorus Energy Club and Dr. Sohbet Karbuz from Bilkent University Energy Policies Research Center presented statements to Istanbul Commerce on Turkey’s groundbreaking natural gas discovery in the Black Sea and its reflections.

IMPORTANT FOR TURKEY

Noting that the addition of the new natural gas field to the inventory has been a pleasing and critical development, Mehmet Öğütçü commented: “Discoveries are likely to happen in the future, perhaps, chances are the Black Sea will become a new North Sea. Based on the reserve of 405 cubic meters identified by the state-owned Turkish Petroleum Corporation (TPAO), this source would not be bringing a ‘game-changing’ advantage in a global scale for the global proven natural gas is 198.8 trillion cubic meters. With38 trillion cubic meters, Russia has the largest reserve. Middle East is estimated to have a reserve of 75.6 trillion cubic meters. On the other hand, the reserve of the Eastern Mediterranean is 3.5 trillion cubic meters which equals the yearly consumption of the world. USA is the leader in terms of natural gas production with 921 billion cubic meters. Meanwhile, Turkey’s most significant natural gas supplier Russia’s annual natural gas production is 679 billion cubic meters. These statistics reveal the rather modest size of Turkey’s discovery in the Black Sea on a global scale. However, when evaluated in Turkey’s scale, which is capable of producing merely 2 percent of its yearly demand of 48 billion cubic meters, it is a very critical development.”

YEARLY PRODUCTION FORECAST

Mentioning that the production from the gas field in Sakarya in the Black Sea would become a tool in decreasing Turkey’s foreign dependency on natural gas, Dr. Sohbet Karbuz underlined the probability of achieving other discoveries with the momentum brought by this accomplishment. Dr. Karbuz added, “One of the most significant outcomes of the Sakarya field is its achievement of overcoming the ‘no oil and natural gas reserves exist in Turkey’ prejudice.” Commenting on the issue of yearly natural gas production from the new reserve, Dr. Karbuz continued: “It would not be right to speak of figures; we are at the bottom of the ladder. Then again, we may talk about certain exemplary cases. For instance, the Tamar field discovered in 2009 in Israel has a yearly natural gas production plan for 10 billion cubic meters. This field is also in deepwater and more or less, it has the same volume of gas as the Sakarya field. Producing even less than 10 billion cubic meters would also be critical for us. Another example is the Aphrodite gas field in Southern Cyprus. This field’s reserve is lower than half of Sakarya’s reserve, yet the field development plan was drawn up to produce yearly 6 billion cubic meters of natural gas. Therefore, we may claim that Turkey would be producing 6 to 10 billion cubic meters of natural gas from the Sakarya field per year.”

A COOPERATION OPPORTUNITY FOR GLOBAL COMPANIES

Mehmet Öğütçü’s comments on the discussions about cooperation with the global companies for the production process of the natural gas are as follows: “The discovery, its extraction, removal of sulphur, finding markets, its transportation cannot be achieved all at once. Even if all goes well, hosting countries’ enjoying the gains achieved by operating the resources will take a minimum of ten years. Without the essential finance, technology, know-how and experiences, success in Black Sea’s extremely challenging and over-costing surface and underwater conditions is more difficult than the Mediterranean. Therefore, cooperation or partnership with global companies is inevitable, particularly if production is launched by 2023. The present sources of the state-owned Turkish Petroleum Corporation (TPAO) may fail to suffice; they have to be strengthened severely. Perhaps, there is an opportunity for transforming TPAO and BOTAS, which are already planned to be offered to the public into globally competitive companies.”

AFFECTS ON PREVIOUS CONTRACTS

Regarding the effects of the natural gas to be extracted in the Black Sea on Turkey’s contracts with countries such as Russia and Iran or its contracts to be renewed, Dr. Sohbet Karbuz said: “A major part of the contracts of Turkey’s companies with foreign suppliers will terminate in the next five years. Yearly 18 cubic meter part of this will be ending by the end of 2021. Since the Shah Deniz-2 will be replace the natural gas extracted from the first phase of Shah Deniz through TANAP, the contracts on yearly 11.6 cubic meters should be considered. Of course, private and official projections on the size of Turkey’s natural gas demand in the upcoming years. Renewing the contract for an amount equal to the volume we get when the volume of natural gas produced from Sakarya gas field is deducted from this demand projection or extending it for a short while may be in question. Sakarya gas field will be empowering Turkey in terms of identifying the conditions or the price mechanism in the contract to be extended. This also applies to the contracts that will expire in the upcoming years. In other words, Sakarya gas field will increase Turkey’s bargaining power.”

HOW IS THE 3-YEAR’ TARGET POSSIBLE?

Stating that the sector’s average was 5 to 7 years for moving onto production after the discovery, Dr. Karbuz stressed that the same period did not apply for the Sakarya gas field and added: “Finding buyers and markets will not be a problem, nor will obtaining finance. There will be no wait for the investment decisions or red tape. A production platform will be developed and a pipeline for transporting the gas to the land will be built. Already there are several facilities on the land. Foreign service provider companies may be found easily for these tasks, tenders may be carried out, or partnerships may be formed. Therefore, it is possible to introduce this natural gas to the sector towards the end of 2023. Zohr field, discovered in Egypt in 2015, is a good example to illustrate that the production can be accomplished way faster than the sector average. With over double the volume of the Sakarya field, this field is the largest natural gas field to be discovered in the Mediterranean. There are merely 28 months between the date of discovery and the launch of the natural gas flow. Why shouldn’t Turkey achieve the same?”

24 Mart 2021 Çarşamba

Etiketler : English

DİLŞAH KEFLİOĞLU

President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan laid the foundation of Atatürk Cultural Center for its reconstruction project on 10 February 2019. The centre was opened after the completion of the project in 2.5 years.

The opera sphere in AKM’s entrance was built with 15 thousand unique handmade red ceramic tiles. The design of the building’s façade aimed maximum benefit from daylight, and a green roof system was applied with an environmental-friendly approach. The opera hall, named the grand hall, features a foyer with nearly 4 thousand 500 square meters and seats 2040 people. The pit in the lobby has sufficient size to host a massive orchestra of 118 people.

A MOVING STAGE

The stage mechanics and systems are built with the world’s leading technologies. They comprise a 65-meter stage depth, four main stage elevators, 13 compensator elevators in the side and backstages, and four mobile wagons that will remain above these. Besides, there is a rotating stage wagon in the main hall. All halls of AKM are furnished with top-level equipment in terms of acoustic, sound, lighting and displaying systems.

COMPRISES OF FIVE BLOCKS

AKM’s halls were designed acoustically, and the built orchestra shell offers an excellent sound quality in plays and concerts asa homage to original AKM’s ceramic artist Sadi Diren. The centre and the spiral staircase in the original centre’s foyer were restored to their original design. The centre comprises five blocks founded over a field of 30 thousand square meters, and AKM has an indoor space of 95 thousand square meters. The natural stone coating over the façade and internal venues of AKM draw attention.

A MODERN DESIGN

There are four basements with a total size of 48 thousand and 705 square meters, a stage, backstage rooms, foyer areas, workshop and storage areas, ballet practice lounges, practice rooms for soloists and orchestras, a recording studio, rehearsal rooms, art galleries and exhibition rooms and coffee shops. Furthermore, the rehearsal halls, recording studio, soloist and orchestra practice rooms were designed in a modern way acoustically.

DESCENDED FROM FATHER TO SON

Architect Hayati Tabanlıoğlu conducted the construction of AKM in 1956-1969, and it is one of the original premises of one of Taksim Square’s symbols. After the big fire in 1970, AKM opened again in 1977. The centre used to seat one thousand and three hundred people; however, it was transformed into a complex after the reconstruction by increasing its capacity and functions. Architect of the new AKM is the son of center’s original architect Hayati Tabanlıoğlu’s son, Murat Tabanlıoğlu.

A CULTURE STREET

As part of the AKM project, Culture Street includes an art gallery, movie theatre, restaurant, café, a book café, arts centre for children, a music platform, library, a design shop, and a multifunctional lounge.

Another significant aspect of the AKM project is that the centre gained a 24-hour living area to the neighbourhood with a connection from the Taksim Square to Istanbul Technical University’s Taşkışla Faculty and Atatürk Library. With the new centre, a second square will be formed in congress valley direction, where Atatürk Library and Istanbul Technical University remain.

22 Şubat 2022 Salı

Etiketler : English

HAMİT KARDAŞ

The postgraduate programs designed by the Istanbul Commerce University based on the requirements of the business realm offer career opportunities to international students wishing to come to Türkiye for education. There are postgraduate and PhD programs in the University for those wishing to upgrade their degrees. Expert academicians and special facilities carry out the postgraduate programs. Postgraduate courses are performed in five institutes within the body of COMMERCE.

INSTITUTE OF FINANCE

As Türkiye’s first institute in finance, this institute is structured with an integrated perspective by taking Istanbul’s private and public sector focused finance theory, management and policy, financial economy, and applied finance compatible with Istanbul’s aims to become a global finance centre into consideration. The institute offers four postgraduate and two PhD programs.

INSTITUTE OF COMMUNICATION SCIENCE AND INTERNET

The first institute focusing on the internet area, the Communication Science and Internet Institute, aims to develop the new theoretical perspectives and research methodology deemed lacking in the area, reveal interdisciplinary research forms, and improve data generation for its implementation in required areas. The institute offers PhD programs and thesis and non-thesis master programs.

FOREIGN TRADE INSTITUTE

With the privilege of being Türkiye’s first Foreign Trade Institute, this institute conducts practices and research on a sectoral basis towards the market and launching academic level postgraduate programs. Thesis and Non-Thesis Master programs are available in the institute. Moreover, PhD programs in two different areas are offered.

SOCIAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE

Social Sciences Institute is carrying out education and research activities with many programs prepared in line with the sector’s requirements. Doyens in the finance and real sector are among the institute’s academic staff.

INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE

Institute of Science offers postgraduate and PhD programs with eleven different programs. Urban Systems and Transport Management, Conservation and Restoration programs within the structure of this institute are the leading postgraduate programs in this area in Türkiye. The Cyber Security PhD program stands out as well.

For the postgraduate programs of the University: https://international.ticaret.edu.tr

MASTER’S DEGREE IN COMMERCIAL DIPLOMACY

Commercial Diplomacy Postgraduate Program is Türkiye’s first and only commercial diplomacy program. The program continues to accept applications. Commercial diplomacy is a vast area where negotiations in multiple aspects are carried out to solve disputes that hamper global trade. Joint solutions are generated, and international cooperation is developed through signing agreements on commerce and investment.

Commercial Diplomacy Department Head Assoc. Prof. Uğur Yasin Asal stated that through the postgraduate program, they aimed to train graduates who has in-depth knowledge of commercial diplomacy terminology, who can build intercultural communication,who attach importance to entrepreneurship and wish to enhance entrepreneurial skills and academic aspect of commerce as commercial diplomacy experts.

MOST PRESTIGIOUS GLOBAL EDUCATION INSTITUTION OF THE YEAR

Istanbul Commerce University was declared as the year’s most prestigious educational institution in the private education institutions category by The ONE Awards, one of the most exceptional standards in its area. For the seventh time, the award ceremony of the ONE Awards was executed with the cooperation of Marketing Türkiye and Akademetre Research and Strategic Planning. In addition to the brands increasing their prestige the most in the year, media, PR, advertising and digital marketing agencies that played a role in this success were awarded. Celebrating its 20th year of establishment, Istanbul Commerce University was awarded as the year’s most prestigious educational institution.

Istanbul Commerce University’s President Prof. Dr. Yücel Oğurlu mentioned that they were proud to receive the award and said, “The momentum gained by our University in the recent period is very pleasing. We will not be satisfied with this and work more to enhance the value of our University’s diplomas.”

THE HIGHEST OCCUPANCY RATE

Istanbul Commerce University achieved a hundred per cent success in this area by launching the online education system in the swiftest during the pandemic. The University remained in the educational institutions to achieve the highest occupancy rate among the foundation universities and filled 95.5% of its capacity this year.

400 ONLINE EVENTS

Istanbul Commerce University is among the most preferred universities for postgraduate degrees. The University carried out its social responsibility projects academic and cultural activities throughout the pandemic and held over 400 online events in the past year.

22 Şubat 2022 Salı

Etiketler : English