{"status":true,"post":{"id":22632,"user_id":25,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2022-10-24 14:18:55","created_at":"2020-08-10T21:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-10-24T11:18:55.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":22632,"is_featured":0,"title":"Orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inovasyonla a\u015fmak","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":null,"content":" \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t

Salih Keskin<\/strong><\/span>
www.inovasyonuzmani.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Uzun s\u00fcredir orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131na tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haldeyiz. Ben bu duruma \u2018batakl\u0131k\u2019 diyorum; \u2018orta gelir batakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019. Orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131 kavram\u0131, \u2018d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelir grubunda bulunan bir \u00fclkenin yakalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 iktisadi b\u00fcy\u00fcme trendi ard\u0131ndan orta gelirli \u00fclkeler grubuna y\u00fckselmesinden sonra \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler nedeniyle h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme trendini s\u00fcrd\u00fcremeyerek bir \u00fcst gelir grubuna ge\u00e7ememesi\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u2018ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na gelir d\u00fczeyinin belirli bir a\u015famadan \u00f6teye gidememesi\u2019 olarak da a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz.<\/span>
<\/span>
\u00dcLKELER\u0130 ORTA GEL\u0130R TUZA\u011eINA S\u00dcR\u00dcKLEYEN NEDENLER<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
* Gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fitsizli\u011fi<\/span>
<\/span>
* D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc<\/span>
<\/span>
* D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vas\u0131fl\u0131 insan sermayesi<\/span>
<\/span>
* Kurumlar\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi ile yetersiz altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Ar-Ge ve inovasyon faaliyetlerinin yetersizli\u011fi<\/span>
<\/span>
\u0130\u015fte \u00fclkemiz, bu etmenler ve kendine has nedenlerle b\u00fcy\u00fcyememenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 negatif vakumu a\u015famayarak bir \u00fcst segmente ge\u00e7emedi.<\/span>
<\/span>
Orta gelir batakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 neler ve bu batakl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda neler olur? <\/span>
<\/span>
* Tasarruf ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde kal\u0131r.<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u0130malat sanayi yava\u015f geli\u015fir.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Sanayide \u00e7e\u015fitlenme ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaz.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Emek piyasas\u0131nda ko\u015fullar zay\u0131f kal\u0131r.<\/span>
<\/span>
* K\u00fcresel rekabette kan kaybederiz.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Halk giderek fakirle\u015fir, sosyal adaletsizlikler artar ve toplum psikolojisi zay\u0131flar; b\u00f6ylelikle patlamalar ya\u015fan\u0131r.<\/span>
<\/span>
ORTA GEL\u0130R BATAKLI\u011eININ RAKAMSAL KAR\u015eILIKLARI<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen gelir gruplar\u0131n\u0131n rakamsal a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/span>
<\/span>
* D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelir grubu: 995 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Orta gelirli grubu: 996-12.055 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Alt orta gelirli grubu: 996-3.895 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli grubu: 3.896-12.055 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Y\u00fcksek gelirli grubu: 12.055 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
BU TABLOYA G\u00d6RE BAZI \u00dcLKELER\u0130N DURUMU<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
* Kanada, ABD, \u0130ngiltere, Almanya, Japonya, \u0130talya, \u0130spanya, K\u0131br\u0131s, Fransa, Bel\u00e7ika, \u0130sve\u00e7, \u0130svi\u00e7re, Avusturya, Avustralya ve Panama: Y\u00fcksek gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Afganistan: D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Kuzey Kore: D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Meksika: Orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Brezilya: Orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Bulgaristan: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Moldova: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Banglade\u015f: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u00c7in: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Azerbaycan: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* T\u00fcrkiye: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli <\/span>
<\/span>
AR-GE HARCAMALARI Y\u00dcZDE 152 ARTTI<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
\u0130SO\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 500 B\u00fcy\u00fck Sanayi Kurulu\u015fu\u2019sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 Ar-Ge ve inovasyon a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde,<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u0130leri teknoloji kullanan firmalar\u0131n yarat\u0131lan katma de\u011ferdeki y\u00fczde 20\u2019lik pay\u0131n\u0131n, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 23.5 oldu\u011fu, <\/span>
<\/span>
* Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u0130SO 500 i\u00e7indeki y\u00fcksek teknoloji pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 3.6\u2019dan y\u00fczde 6.9\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131,<\/span>
<\/span>
* Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 152 art\u0131\u015f kaydederek 9.7 milyar T\u00fcrk liras\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. <\/span>
<\/span>
Bunlar olumlu g\u00f6stergeler, ancak burada bir not d\u00fc\u015felim: Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n tutar\u0131 artarken, Ar-Ge yapan firma say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azalm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekici. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131ndaki 500 firman\u0131n sadece 262\u2019sinin Ar-Ge\u2019ye para harcam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, sorunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/span>
<\/span>
Ayr\u0131ca, \u0130SO 500\u2019deki firmalar, sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 1\u2019ini Ar-Ge\u2019ye harcam\u0131\u015flar. Bu oran ge\u00e7en y\u0131l binde 5\u2019ti. \u0130yi bir art\u0131\u015f var, ancak h\u00e2l\u00e2 yakalamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z geli\u015fmi\u015f ekonomilerin \u00e7ok gerisindeyiz. \u0130lk etapta bu rasyo hem \u00fclke hem de sanayi baz\u0131nda y\u00fczde 3\u2019\u00fc a\u015fmal\u0131.<\/span>
<\/span>
SADEDE GEL\u0130RSEK:<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
* Sanayide \u00e7ok ciddi olarak bilan\u00e7olarda kaynak s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 var.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Finansmana kolay ula\u015f\u0131m \u015fart. Bu konuda acil ve ne\u015fter vuran kararlara ihtiya\u00e7 var.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Sanayide girdi maliyetlerini hafife alarak hareket etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. \u00d6zellikle vergi, sigorta, enerji gibi temel girdi maliyetleri \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek.<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u0130novasyon olmadan da orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmam\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u0130novasyon i\u00e7in finansmana daha kolay ula\u015fman\u0131n ad\u0131mlar\u0131 kurgulanmal\u0131.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli firmalar\u0131n inovasyon yetenekleri geli\u015ftirilmeli ve hem esnek hem de farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f desteklere odaklan\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/span>
<\/span>
* B\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcrecinde olan firmalar\u0131n inovasyon destek paketlerinde farkl\u0131la\u015fmaya gidilmeli.<\/span><\/p> \t\t\t\t","slug":"orta-gelir-tuzagini-inovasyonla-asmak","tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"Orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inovasyonla a\u015fmak","meta_description":"Salih Keskin","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":1111,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":25,"name":"SAL\u0130H","surname":"KESK\u0130N","email":"salih-keskin@gmail.com","slug":"salih-keskin","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/1733691600od1Wwxipsn5YGuj.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-10-20T05:32:50.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T09:48:39.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":22731,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":22632,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"Orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inovasyonla a\u015fmak","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":null,"content":" \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t

Salih Keskin<\/strong><\/span>
www.inovasyonuzmani.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Uzun s\u00fcredir orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131na tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haldeyiz. Ben bu duruma \u2018batakl\u0131k\u2019 diyorum; \u2018orta gelir batakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019. Orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131 kavram\u0131, \u2018d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelir grubunda bulunan bir \u00fclkenin yakalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 iktisadi b\u00fcy\u00fcme trendi ard\u0131ndan orta gelirli \u00fclkeler grubuna y\u00fckselmesinden sonra \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rler nedeniyle h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme trendini s\u00fcrd\u00fcremeyerek bir \u00fcst gelir grubuna ge\u00e7ememesi\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u2018ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na gelir d\u00fczeyinin belirli bir a\u015famadan \u00f6teye gidememesi\u2019 olarak da a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz.<\/span>
<\/span>
\u00dcLKELER\u0130 ORTA GEL\u0130R TUZA\u011eINA S\u00dcR\u00dcKLEYEN NEDENLER<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
* Gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fitsizli\u011fi<\/span>
<\/span>
* D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc<\/span>
<\/span>
* D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vas\u0131fl\u0131 insan sermayesi<\/span>
<\/span>
* Kurumlar\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi ile yetersiz altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Ar-Ge ve inovasyon faaliyetlerinin yetersizli\u011fi<\/span>
<\/span>
\u0130\u015fte \u00fclkemiz, bu etmenler ve kendine has nedenlerle b\u00fcy\u00fcyememenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 negatif vakumu a\u015famayarak bir \u00fcst segmente ge\u00e7emedi.<\/span>
<\/span>
Orta gelir batakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 neler ve bu batakl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda neler olur? <\/span>
<\/span>
* Tasarruf ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde kal\u0131r.<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u0130malat sanayi yava\u015f geli\u015fir.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Sanayide \u00e7e\u015fitlenme ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaz.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Emek piyasas\u0131nda ko\u015fullar zay\u0131f kal\u0131r.<\/span>
<\/span>
* K\u00fcresel rekabette kan kaybederiz.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Halk giderek fakirle\u015fir, sosyal adaletsizlikler artar ve toplum psikolojisi zay\u0131flar; b\u00f6ylelikle patlamalar ya\u015fan\u0131r.<\/span>
<\/span>
ORTA GEL\u0130R BATAKLI\u011eININ RAKAMSAL KAR\u015eILIKLARI<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen gelir gruplar\u0131n\u0131n rakamsal a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/span>
<\/span>
* D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelir grubu: 995 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Orta gelirli grubu: 996-12.055 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Alt orta gelirli grubu: 996-3.895 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli grubu: 3.896-12.055 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
* Y\u00fcksek gelirli grubu: 12.055 ABD dolar\u0131<\/span>
<\/span>
BU TABLOYA G\u00d6RE BAZI \u00dcLKELER\u0130N DURUMU<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
* Kanada, ABD, \u0130ngiltere, Almanya, Japonya, \u0130talya, \u0130spanya, K\u0131br\u0131s, Fransa, Bel\u00e7ika, \u0130sve\u00e7, \u0130svi\u00e7re, Avusturya, Avustralya ve Panama: Y\u00fcksek gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Afganistan: D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Kuzey Kore: D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Meksika: Orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Brezilya: Orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Bulgaristan: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Moldova: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Banglade\u015f: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u00c7in: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* Azerbaycan: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli<\/span>
<\/span>
* T\u00fcrkiye: Y\u00fcksek orta gelirli <\/span>
<\/span>
AR-GE HARCAMALARI Y\u00dcZDE 152 ARTTI<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
\u0130SO\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 500 B\u00fcy\u00fck Sanayi Kurulu\u015fu\u2019sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 Ar-Ge ve inovasyon a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde,<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u0130leri teknoloji kullanan firmalar\u0131n yarat\u0131lan katma de\u011ferdeki y\u00fczde 20\u2019lik pay\u0131n\u0131n, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 23.5 oldu\u011fu, <\/span>
<\/span>
* Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u0130SO 500 i\u00e7indeki y\u00fcksek teknoloji pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 3.6\u2019dan y\u00fczde 6.9\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131,<\/span>
<\/span>
* Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 152 art\u0131\u015f kaydederek 9.7 milyar T\u00fcrk liras\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. <\/span>
<\/span>
Bunlar olumlu g\u00f6stergeler, ancak burada bir not d\u00fc\u015felim: Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n tutar\u0131 artarken, Ar-Ge yapan firma say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azalm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekici. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131ndaki 500 firman\u0131n sadece 262\u2019sinin Ar-Ge\u2019ye para harcam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, sorunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/span>
<\/span>
Ayr\u0131ca, \u0130SO 500\u2019deki firmalar, sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 1\u2019ini Ar-Ge\u2019ye harcam\u0131\u015flar. Bu oran ge\u00e7en y\u0131l binde 5\u2019ti. \u0130yi bir art\u0131\u015f var, ancak h\u00e2l\u00e2 yakalamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z geli\u015fmi\u015f ekonomilerin \u00e7ok gerisindeyiz. \u0130lk etapta bu rasyo hem \u00fclke hem de sanayi baz\u0131nda y\u00fczde 3\u2019\u00fc a\u015fmal\u0131.<\/span>
<\/span>
SADEDE GEL\u0130RSEK:<\/strong><\/span>
<\/span>
* Sanayide \u00e7ok ciddi olarak bilan\u00e7olarda kaynak s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 var.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Finansmana kolay ula\u015f\u0131m \u015fart. Bu konuda acil ve ne\u015fter vuran kararlara ihtiya\u00e7 var.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Sanayide girdi maliyetlerini hafife alarak hareket etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. \u00d6zellikle vergi, sigorta, enerji gibi temel girdi maliyetleri \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek.<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u0130novasyon olmadan da orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmam\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/span>
<\/span>
* \u0130novasyon i\u00e7in finansmana daha kolay ula\u015fman\u0131n ad\u0131mlar\u0131 kurgulanmal\u0131.<\/span>
<\/span>
* Orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli firmalar\u0131n inovasyon yetenekleri geli\u015ftirilmeli ve hem esnek hem de farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f desteklere odaklan\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/span>
<\/span>
* B\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcrecinde olan firmalar\u0131n inovasyon destek paketlerinde farkl\u0131la\u015fmaya gidilmeli.<\/span><\/p> \t\t\t\t","slug":"orta-gelir-tuzagini-inovasyonla-asmak","orjinalimage":null,"news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"Orta gelir tuza\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inovasyonla a\u015fmak","meta_description":"Salih Keskin","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","view_count":1111,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}