{"status":true,"post":{"id":52421,"user_id":11,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2024-06-03 09:10:00","created_at":"2024-06-03T06:10:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-06-03T06:10:00.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":52421,"is_featured":0,"title":"K\u00fcresel ticaret \u2018alternatif yol\u2019 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":"PROF. DR. KEREM ALK\u0130N","content":"

keremalkin@superonline.com<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Gerek D\u00fcnya Ticaret Te\u015fkilat\u0131 (WTO), gerek Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Kalk\u0131nma Te\u015fkilat\u0131 (OECD), gerekse Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF), son yay\u0131nlad\u0131klar\u0131 raporlarda 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 gerileyerek tamamlam\u0131\u015f olan k\u00fcresel ticaretin 2024 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 toparlanma ve uluslararas\u0131 ticarete konu olan mallar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni yol ve alternatif g\u00fczergahlar olu\u015fturarak ge\u00e7irece\u011fini ve 2025 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yeniden ticaret hacminde art\u0131\u015f y\u0131l\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor. \u2018Normalle\u015fme y\u0131l\u0131\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan 2025\u2019e haz\u0131rl\u0131k ad\u0131na Aden K\u00f6rfezi, K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz ve S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019na alternatif olarak \u00dcmit Burnu\u2019nu d\u00f6nen gemi trafi\u011fi, Panama Kanal\u0131\u2019ndaki kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle Macellan Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kullanan gemi trafi\u011fi belirgin bir \u015fekilde artm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Bununla birlikte, deniz ge\u00e7i\u015f kanallar\u0131n\u0131n jeopolitik geli\u015fmeler ve k\u00fcresel iklim krizi nedeniyle bir s\u00fcre daha s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 ihtimaliyle Karadeniz\u2019in kuzey b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde de Rusya-Ukrayna Sava\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, deniz-kara kombinasyonlu alternatif yol-g\u00fczergah aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. 7 Ekim\u2019den bu yana \u00dcmit Burnu \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ticarette 4 kat art\u0131\u015f kaydedilmi\u015f durumda. Bu durum, deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k ve lojistik firmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi bir yak\u0131t maliyeti art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u00fcresinin uzamas\u0131 nedeniyle de ek bir maliyet art\u0131\u015f\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. Panama Kanal\u0131\u2019ndan ge\u00e7i\u015flerde 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011finden 2024\u2019\u00fcn ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 25\u2019lik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, Macellan Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ticarette ise tersine y\u00fczde 30 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlendi.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

DEN\u0130Z TA\u015eIMACILI\u011eI AVANTAJINI KAYBED\u0130YOR\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 10 ile 25 y\u0131l aras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maliyet, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve y\u00fck dengeleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan avantajl\u0131 konumunu kaybetmeyece\u011fi a\u015fikar. Bununla birlikte, bug\u00fcn ya\u015fanan ve ge\u00e7ici g\u00f6z\u00fckmeyen zorluklar nedeniyle deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan k\u00fcresel mal sevkiyat\u0131n\u0131 karayolu ve demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kayd\u0131rma e\u011filimi h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Avrupa \u0130statistik Birimi Eurostat verileri, deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kara ve demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na do\u011fru y\u00fczde 2 civar\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir kayma ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Bilhassa, Asya ile Avrupa aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131-l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla tercih edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ki, bu durum T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin cazibesini adeta katl\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, T\u00fcrkiye bug\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli mega projeleri, k\u0131talar aras\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ge\u00e7i\u015fleri haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f ender \u00fclkelerden biri.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

DEM\u0130RYOLU PROJELER\u0130NDE \u0130\u015eB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Pasifik\u2019in do\u011fusu ile Atlantik\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Panama Kanal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 normalle\u015fene kadar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ise ABD\u2019nin bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na gemi ile ta\u015f\u0131nan y\u00fcklerin do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na demiryolu ile ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131. Bu nedenle Leipzig\u2019de ge\u00e7en hafta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen OECD \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki Uluslararas\u0131 Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Forumu (ITF) bakanlar d\u00fczeyindeki toplant\u0131da, en fazla \u00fczerinde durulan konular\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda demiryolu projelerini ve i\u015fbirli\u011fini art\u0131rma konusu geliyordu. Keza, Latin Amerika cephesinde \u015eili, Macellan Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131n liman altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6nelik 400 milyon dolarl\u0131k bir yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 devreye al\u0131rken, kamu ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015fbirli\u011fi (PPP) ile Kolombiya ve Meksika\u2019da demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi ve\/veya Nikaragua Kanal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi alternatifler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Irak, Katar ve BAE ile birlikte ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fi \u2018Kalk\u0131nma Yolu\u2019 ve Via Carpatia Otoyol Projesi\u2019nin Kalk\u0131nma Yolu ve Orta Koridor ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 hale gelmesi, \u00fclkemizin k\u00fcresel ve b\u00f6lgesel ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k koridorlar\u0131ndaki iddias\u0131n\u0131 daha da katlayacak.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"kuresel-ticaret-alternatif-yol-arayisinda","tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1717362000MiFz7qa72KtA5qQ.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":9185,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":11,"name":"KEREM","surname":"ALK\u0130N","email":"irem05@daglaroglu.com","slug":"prof-dr-kerem-alkin","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/17336916000GNrERW0ucj2Ja7.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T09:50:43.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":52547,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":52421,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"K\u00fcresel ticaret \u2018alternatif yol\u2019 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":"PROF. DR. KEREM ALK\u0130N","content":"

keremalkin@superonline.com<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Gerek D\u00fcnya Ticaret Te\u015fkilat\u0131 (WTO), gerek Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Kalk\u0131nma Te\u015fkilat\u0131 (OECD), gerekse Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF), son yay\u0131nlad\u0131klar\u0131 raporlarda 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 gerileyerek tamamlam\u0131\u015f olan k\u00fcresel ticaretin 2024 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 toparlanma ve uluslararas\u0131 ticarete konu olan mallar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni yol ve alternatif g\u00fczergahlar olu\u015fturarak ge\u00e7irece\u011fini ve 2025 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yeniden ticaret hacminde art\u0131\u015f y\u0131l\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor. \u2018Normalle\u015fme y\u0131l\u0131\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan 2025\u2019e haz\u0131rl\u0131k ad\u0131na Aden K\u00f6rfezi, K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz ve S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019na alternatif olarak \u00dcmit Burnu\u2019nu d\u00f6nen gemi trafi\u011fi, Panama Kanal\u0131\u2019ndaki kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle Macellan Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kullanan gemi trafi\u011fi belirgin bir \u015fekilde artm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Bununla birlikte, deniz ge\u00e7i\u015f kanallar\u0131n\u0131n jeopolitik geli\u015fmeler ve k\u00fcresel iklim krizi nedeniyle bir s\u00fcre daha s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 ihtimaliyle Karadeniz\u2019in kuzey b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde de Rusya-Ukrayna Sava\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, deniz-kara kombinasyonlu alternatif yol-g\u00fczergah aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. 7 Ekim\u2019den bu yana \u00dcmit Burnu \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ticarette 4 kat art\u0131\u015f kaydedilmi\u015f durumda. Bu durum, deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k ve lojistik firmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi bir yak\u0131t maliyeti art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u00fcresinin uzamas\u0131 nedeniyle de ek bir maliyet art\u0131\u015f\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. Panama Kanal\u0131\u2019ndan ge\u00e7i\u015flerde 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011finden 2024\u2019\u00fcn ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 25\u2019lik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, Macellan Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ticarette ise tersine y\u00fczde 30 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlendi.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

DEN\u0130Z TA\u015eIMACILI\u011eI AVANTAJINI KAYBED\u0130YOR\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 10 ile 25 y\u0131l aras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maliyet, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve y\u00fck dengeleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan avantajl\u0131 konumunu kaybetmeyece\u011fi a\u015fikar. Bununla birlikte, bug\u00fcn ya\u015fanan ve ge\u00e7ici g\u00f6z\u00fckmeyen zorluklar nedeniyle deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan k\u00fcresel mal sevkiyat\u0131n\u0131 karayolu ve demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kayd\u0131rma e\u011filimi h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Avrupa \u0130statistik Birimi Eurostat verileri, deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kara ve demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na do\u011fru y\u00fczde 2 civar\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir kayma ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Bilhassa, Asya ile Avrupa aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131-l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla tercih edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ki, bu durum T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin cazibesini adeta katl\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, T\u00fcrkiye bug\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli mega projeleri, k\u0131talar aras\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ge\u00e7i\u015fleri haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f ender \u00fclkelerden biri.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

DEM\u0130RYOLU PROJELER\u0130NDE \u0130\u015eB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Pasifik\u2019in do\u011fusu ile Atlantik\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Panama Kanal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 normalle\u015fene kadar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir di\u011fer \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ise ABD\u2019nin bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na gemi ile ta\u015f\u0131nan y\u00fcklerin do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na demiryolu ile ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131. Bu nedenle Leipzig\u2019de ge\u00e7en hafta ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen OECD \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki Uluslararas\u0131 Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Forumu (ITF) bakanlar d\u00fczeyindeki toplant\u0131da, en fazla \u00fczerinde durulan konular\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda demiryolu projelerini ve i\u015fbirli\u011fini art\u0131rma konusu geliyordu. Keza, Latin Amerika cephesinde \u015eili, Macellan Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131n liman altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6nelik 400 milyon dolarl\u0131k bir yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 devreye al\u0131rken, kamu ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015fbirli\u011fi (PPP) ile Kolombiya ve Meksika\u2019da demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi ve\/veya Nikaragua Kanal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi alternatifler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Irak, Katar ve BAE ile birlikte ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fi \u2018Kalk\u0131nma Yolu\u2019 ve Via Carpatia Otoyol Projesi\u2019nin Kalk\u0131nma Yolu ve Orta Koridor ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 hale gelmesi, \u00fclkemizin k\u00fcresel ve b\u00f6lgesel ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k koridorlar\u0131ndaki iddias\u0131n\u0131 daha da katlayacak.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"kuresel-ticaret-alternatif-yol-arayisinda","orjinalimage":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1717362000MiFz7qa72KtA5qQ.webp","news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1717362000MiFz7qa72KtA5qQ.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"view_count":9185,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}