{"status":true,"post":{"id":33773,"user_id":2,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2022-10-24 21:27:44","created_at":"2022-07-14T21:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-10-24T18:27:44.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":33773,"is_featured":0,"title":"\u00c7in\u2019in sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":null,"content":"  \t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"large\"><strong>FAT\u0130H OKTAY<\/strong><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> <strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri, \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik geli\u015fiminde \u00f6nemli rol oynayan ancak zaman i\u00e7inde ama\u00e7 ve i\u015flevleri de\u011fi\u015fen olu\u015fumlar. <\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> Bunlar 1970\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131nda piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7me \u00e7abalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ortaya ilk \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda i\u015flevleri yabanc\u0131 sermayeyi \u00fclkenin ucuz ve bol i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ile bir araya getirerek \u00fcretim ve ihracat\u0131 art\u0131rmakt\u0131. Bu ama\u00e7la \u00fclkenin do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda d\u00f6rt y\u00f6re, \u2018\u00f6zel ekonomik b\u00f6lge\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve yerel y\u00f6netimlerine yabanc\u0131 sermaye \u00e7ekecek d\u00fczenlemeler yapma yetkisi verilmi\u015fti. Bu yerel y\u00f6netimler yabanc\u0131 \u015firketler i\u00e7in ucuz arazi, basitle\u015ftirilmi\u015f b\u00fcrokratik s\u00fcre\u00e7ler, \u00e7ekici i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc d\u00fczenlemeleri, vergi indirimleri, d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00fcretim altyap\u0131s\u0131 gibi olanaklar sa\u011flad\u0131lar. Bu olanaklar, y\u00f6netim ve denetim kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kaynaklar\u0131 odaklama imk\u00e2n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u2018ekonomik geli\u015fim b\u00f6lgesi\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan belirli alanlarda sunuluyordu. <\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> <strong>YABANCI YATIRIMCI \u00c7EKME YARI\u015eI<\/strong><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> \u00dclke y\u00f6netimi bu d\u00f6rt b\u00f6lgede edinilen deneyimler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda, k\u0131y\u0131 kesimindeki 14 ilde daha, yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara benzer ko\u015fullar sa\u011flanmas\u0131na kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Bir s\u00fcre sonra da bu uygulamalar \u00f6nce t\u00fcm k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerine, ard\u0131ndan da t\u00fcm \u00fclkeye yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00fclkenin her yerinde her seviyedeki yerel y\u00f6netimler b\u00f6lgelerinde benzer olanaklar\u0131 sunarak yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7ekme yar\u0131\u015f\u0131na giri\u015ftiler. B\u00f6ylelikle \u00fclke bir yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 cennetine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. <\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar \u00fclkede yaln\u0131z ihracata y\u00f6nelik yat\u0131r\u0131m yapabiliyordu, ancak i\u00e7 pazar\u0131n da yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla, ba\u015fta vergi kolayl\u0131klar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara sunulan olanaklar, yerli \u00fcreticiler i\u00e7in bir rekabet dezavantaj\u0131 olu\u015fturur oldu. Devlet \u015firketleri i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 55, di\u011fer yerli \u015firketler i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 33 olan gelir vergisi oran\u0131 yabanc\u0131 ortakl\u0131 \u015firketler i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 15 d\u00fczeyine kadar iniyordu. <\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> <strong>200 B\u0130N TEKNOLOJ\u0130 \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130<\/strong><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik geli\u015fimine ko\u015fut olarak sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinin i\u015flevi de yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n konumu da de\u011fi\u015fti. Sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinin amac\u0131, yabanc\u0131- yerli ayr\u0131m\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00fclke y\u00f6netiminin \u00f6ncelik verdi\u011fi alanlarda \u00fcretim kapasitesi ve teknolojik geli\u015fimi desteklemeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Teknolojik geli\u015fme hedefinin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla da sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinin \u015firketlere faaliyetlerini daha etkili ve k\u00e2rl\u0131 \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmelerini sa\u011flayacak olanaklar sunma i\u015flevi yan\u0131nda ve daha da \u00f6nemli olarak, \u015firketler aras\u0131 bilgi ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve etkile\u015fimi, \u00f6bek etkisini art\u0131rma i\u015flevi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 2008 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki bir d\u00fczenlemeyle yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlerin vergi avantaj\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131; yerli-yabanc\u0131 ayr\u0131m\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, \u2018ileri ve yeni teknoloji \u015firketi\u2019 kriterlerini sa\u011flayan t\u00fcm \u015firketler i\u00e7in vergi indirimi olana\u011f\u0131 getirildi.<\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> Resmi verilere g\u00f6re, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in\u2019de merkezi y\u00f6netim ve eyalet y\u00f6netimlerince kurulmu\u015f 2 binin \u00fczerinde ekonomik geli\u015fim b\u00f6lgesi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan sanayi b\u00f6lgesi bulunuyor. Merkezi y\u00f6netimce kurulmu\u015f olanlardan 170 kadar\u0131 \u2018ileri ve yeni teknoloji \u015firketi\u2019 olarak nitelenen 200 bin kadar \u015firketi bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Bunlar \u00fclke GSYH\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 12 dolay\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ve Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyorlar. Say\u0131lar\u0131 200\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde olan di\u011ferleri de kat\u0131l\u0131nca \u00fclke GSYH\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rtte bire yak\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sadece merkezi y\u00f6netimce kurulmu\u015f sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor.<\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik ve teknolojik geli\u015fiminde sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri \u00f6nemli bir rol oynuyor.<\/span><\/p>  \t\t\t\t","slug":"cinin-sanayi-bolgeleri","tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"\u00c7in\u2019in sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri","meta_description":"FAT\u0130H OKTAY","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":1157,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":2,"name":"FAT\u0130H","surname":"OKTAY","email":"ozansoy.tuna@akay.com","slug":"fatih-oktay","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/1733691600qSRn7kb3ZZVHU3t.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T14:51:22.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":33872,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":33773,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"\u00c7in\u2019in sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":null,"content":"  \t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"large\"><strong>FAT\u0130H OKTAY<\/strong><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> <strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>  <p><span class=\"large\">Sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri, \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik geli\u015fiminde \u00f6nemli rol oynayan ancak zaman i\u00e7inde ama\u00e7 ve i\u015flevleri de\u011fi\u015fen olu\u015fumlar. <\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> Bunlar 1970\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131nda piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7me \u00e7abalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ortaya ilk \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda i\u015flevleri yabanc\u0131 sermayeyi \u00fclkenin ucuz ve bol i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ile bir araya getirerek \u00fcretim ve ihracat\u0131 art\u0131rmakt\u0131. Bu ama\u00e7la \u00fclkenin do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda d\u00f6rt y\u00f6re, \u2018\u00f6zel ekonomik b\u00f6lge\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve yerel y\u00f6netimlerine yabanc\u0131 sermaye \u00e7ekecek d\u00fczenlemeler yapma yetkisi verilmi\u015fti. Bu yerel y\u00f6netimler yabanc\u0131 \u015firketler i\u00e7in ucuz arazi, basitle\u015ftirilmi\u015f b\u00fcrokratik s\u00fcre\u00e7ler, \u00e7ekici i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc d\u00fczenlemeleri, vergi indirimleri, d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00fcretim altyap\u0131s\u0131 gibi olanaklar sa\u011flad\u0131lar. Bu olanaklar, y\u00f6netim ve denetim kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kaynaklar\u0131 odaklama imk\u00e2n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u2018ekonomik geli\u015fim b\u00f6lgesi\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan belirli alanlarda sunuluyordu. <\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> <strong>YABANCI YATIRIMCI \u00c7EKME YARI\u015eI<\/strong><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> \u00dclke y\u00f6netimi bu d\u00f6rt b\u00f6lgede edinilen deneyimler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda, k\u0131y\u0131 kesimindeki 14 ilde daha, yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara benzer ko\u015fullar sa\u011flanmas\u0131na kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Bir s\u00fcre sonra da bu uygulamalar \u00f6nce t\u00fcm k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerine, ard\u0131ndan da t\u00fcm \u00fclkeye yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00fclkenin her yerinde her seviyedeki yerel y\u00f6netimler b\u00f6lgelerinde benzer olanaklar\u0131 sunarak yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7ekme yar\u0131\u015f\u0131na giri\u015ftiler. B\u00f6ylelikle \u00fclke bir yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 cennetine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. <\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar \u00fclkede yaln\u0131z ihracata y\u00f6nelik yat\u0131r\u0131m yapabiliyordu, ancak i\u00e7 pazar\u0131n da yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla, ba\u015fta vergi kolayl\u0131klar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lara sunulan olanaklar, yerli \u00fcreticiler i\u00e7in bir rekabet dezavantaj\u0131 olu\u015fturur oldu. Devlet \u015firketleri i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 55, di\u011fer yerli \u015firketler i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 33 olan gelir vergisi oran\u0131 yabanc\u0131 ortakl\u0131 \u015firketler i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 15 d\u00fczeyine kadar iniyordu. <\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> <strong>200 B\u0130N TEKNOLOJ\u0130 \u015e\u0130RKET\u0130<\/strong><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik geli\u015fimine ko\u015fut olarak sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinin i\u015flevi de yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n konumu da de\u011fi\u015fti. Sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinin amac\u0131, yabanc\u0131- yerli ayr\u0131m\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00fclke y\u00f6netiminin \u00f6ncelik verdi\u011fi alanlarda \u00fcretim kapasitesi ve teknolojik geli\u015fimi desteklemeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Teknolojik geli\u015fme hedefinin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla da sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinin \u015firketlere faaliyetlerini daha etkili ve k\u00e2rl\u0131 \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmelerini sa\u011flayacak olanaklar sunma i\u015flevi yan\u0131nda ve daha da \u00f6nemli olarak, \u015firketler aras\u0131 bilgi ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve etkile\u015fimi, \u00f6bek etkisini art\u0131rma i\u015flevi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 2008 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki bir d\u00fczenlemeyle yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlerin vergi avantaj\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131; yerli-yabanc\u0131 ayr\u0131m\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, \u2018ileri ve yeni teknoloji \u015firketi\u2019 kriterlerini sa\u011flayan t\u00fcm \u015firketler i\u00e7in vergi indirimi olana\u011f\u0131 getirildi.<\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> Resmi verilere g\u00f6re, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in\u2019de merkezi y\u00f6netim ve eyalet y\u00f6netimlerince kurulmu\u015f 2 binin \u00fczerinde ekonomik geli\u015fim b\u00f6lgesi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan sanayi b\u00f6lgesi bulunuyor. Merkezi y\u00f6netimce kurulmu\u015f olanlardan 170 kadar\u0131 \u2018ileri ve yeni teknoloji \u015firketi\u2019 olarak nitelenen 200 bin kadar \u015firketi bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. Bunlar \u00fclke GSYH\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 12 dolay\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ve Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyorlar. Say\u0131lar\u0131 200\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde olan di\u011ferleri de kat\u0131l\u0131nca \u00fclke GSYH\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rtte bire yak\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sadece merkezi y\u00f6netimce kurulmu\u015f sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor.<\/span><br><span class=\"large\"><\/span><br><span class=\"large\"> \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik ve teknolojik geli\u015fiminde sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri \u00f6nemli bir rol oynuyor.<\/span><\/p>  \t\t\t\t","slug":"cinin-sanayi-bolgeleri","orjinalimage":null,"news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"\u00c7in\u2019in sanayi b\u00f6lgeleri","meta_description":"FAT\u0130H OKTAY","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","view_count":1157,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}