{"status":true,"post":{"id":49628,"user_id":2,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2024-03-11 07:59:00","created_at":"2024-03-11T04:59:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-03-11T04:59:00.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":49628,"is_featured":0,"title":"\u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmedeki yeni rol\u00fc","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":"FAT\u0130H OKTAY","content":"


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\u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, bazen zorlu, bazen de keyifli diyebilece\u011fimiz roller oynayarak geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecine \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 rekabetinin bi\u00e7imlendirdi\u011fi bu yeni d\u00f6nemde de \u00fclke y\u00f6netimi \u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcne, bu sefer \u2018keyifli\u2019 t\u00fcrden bir rol bi\u00e7iyor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in\u2019de 50\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131nda, 60\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda oturan d\u00fczende \u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc bir yandan kentli n\u00fcfusu besleyecek, sanayi i\u00e7in girdi olu\u015fturacak, sermaye mallar\u0131 ithalat\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli d\u00f6vizi getirecek ihra\u00e7 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini sa\u011flayacak tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken, bir yandan da tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn gereksinimlerini \u00fcreten bir k\u0131rsal sanayi geli\u015ftiriyor ve i\u015fletiyordu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim, kom\u00fcn denen bir kasaba ve \u00e7evresindeki k\u00f6ylerden olu\u015fan idari birimlerde, ortak m\u00fclkiyetteki toprak ve \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak, ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyordu. K\u00f6yl\u00fcler \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 devlete vergi olarak veriyor, bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yine devlete zorunlu olarak ve devlet taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyatlardan sat\u0131yor, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, altyap\u0131 hizmetlerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kom\u00fcn y\u00f6netimine veriyor, kalan\u0131 da aralar\u0131nda \u00fcretime katk\u0131lar\u0131 oran\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. Bu da esas olarak bo\u011faz toklu\u011funu sa\u011flayacak d\u00fczeylerdeydi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

K\u00f6yl\u00fcler \u00f6te yandan da, kom\u00fcn y\u00f6netimlerinin \u00f6nderli\u011finde madencilik, demir-\u00e7elik \u00fcretimi, tar\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131, enerji, g\u00fcbre \u00fcretimi gibi alanlarda \u00fcretim yapacak tesisleri kuruyor ve bunlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

ORTAK DE\u011e\u0130L BA\u011eIMSIZ \u00dcRET\u0130M\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in, 70\u2019lerin sonunda piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7meye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fclke y\u00f6netiminin ortakla\u015fa \u00fcretim yerine ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00fcretim yapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ortak m\u00fclkiyetteki topraklar\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fclere b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcp kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 vermesiyle tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Y\u00f6netim bir yandan da tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn al\u0131m fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin gelirlerinde daha da b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f oldu. \u00dclke y\u00f6netimi, \u00f6te yandan da k\u0131rsal sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131z tar\u0131m girdisi \u00fcretmesi k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131nca bu kurulu\u015flar \u00c7in\u2019de o d\u00f6nemde k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 \u00fcretimi olan t\u00fcketim mallar\u0131 \u00fcretmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Kar\u015f\u0131lanmam\u0131\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir talep ve bu kurulu\u015flar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetleri b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00e2rlar anlam\u0131na geliyordu. Bu kurulu\u015flar ortak m\u00fclkiyette oldu\u011fundan bu k\u00e2rlar k\u0131smen k\u00f6yl\u00fclere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor, k\u0131smen yeniden yat\u0131r\u0131ma y\u00f6nlendiriliyordu. Sonu\u00e7, tam bir \u00fcretim patlamas\u0131yd\u0131. K\u0131rsal sanayi y\u0131lda y\u00fczde 30 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcyordu. \u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc, tar\u0131msal ve k\u0131rsal sanayi \u00fcretim art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ekonominin motoru durumundayd\u0131, bu \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc yerine getirirken de zenginle\u015fiyordu.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

KIRSALI CANLANDIRMA G\u0130R\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

90\u2019larda \u00fclke y\u00f6netimi ekonomik geli\u015fmede b\u00fcy\u00fck devlet kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ve yabanc\u0131 \u015firketleri \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan politikalara y\u00f6nelince k\u0131rsal\u0131n ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn bu rol\u00fc \u00f6nemini yitirdi. Bu d\u00f6nemde k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn rol\u00fc, yerli ve yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131 eyaletlerindeki dev tesislerde i\u015f\u00e7ilikti. \u00c7in\u2019in bu d\u00f6nemdeki ak\u0131l almaz at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neferleri, say\u0131lar\u0131 300 milyona yakla\u015fan, k\u00f6yden kentlere ak\u0131p zor ko\u015fullarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bu k\u00f6yl\u00fclerdi. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bu d\u00f6nemde k\u0131rsal altyap\u0131s\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik ko\u015fullar\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ihmal edilmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Bug\u00fcn k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve k\u0131rsal, \u2018K\u0131rsal\u0131 Canland\u0131rma\u2019 giri\u015fimi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Xi Jinping y\u00f6netiminin en temel \u00f6nceliklerinden biri konumunda. K\u0131rsalda ula\u015f\u0131m, enerji, ileti\u015fim-internet, tar\u0131msal altyap\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi; sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi, gelir d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fckseltilmesi; k\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131n lojistik zincirler, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m merkezleri, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezleri ile \u00fclke ticaret sistemine daha iyi entegre edilmesi, finansal sistemin k\u0131rsala daha \u00e7ok kaynak sa\u011flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir faaliyet s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bunlar\u0131n ana nedeni, ABD ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n giderek derinle\u015fti\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ortam\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin ihracat ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131l\u0131p, i\u00e7 talebin rol\u00fcn\u00fcn art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereksinimi do\u011frultusunda k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerdeki talep potansiyelinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

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\u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmedeki yeni rol\u00fc daha iyi ya\u015famak ve daha \u00e7ok t\u00fcketmek.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"cin-koylusunun-ekonomik-buyumedeki-yeni-rolu","tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1710104400mcYdXZgC05Ai8PX.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":6080,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":2,"name":"FAT\u0130H","surname":"OKTAY","email":"ozansoy.tuna@akay.com","slug":"fatih-oktay","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/1733691600qSRn7kb3ZZVHU3t.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T14:51:22.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":49754,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":49628,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"\u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmedeki yeni rol\u00fc","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":"FAT\u0130H OKTAY","content":"


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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, bazen zorlu, bazen de keyifli diyebilece\u011fimiz roller oynayarak geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecine \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 rekabetinin bi\u00e7imlendirdi\u011fi bu yeni d\u00f6nemde de \u00fclke y\u00f6netimi \u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcne, bu sefer \u2018keyifli\u2019 t\u00fcrden bir rol bi\u00e7iyor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in\u2019de 50\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131nda, 60\u2019lar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda oturan d\u00fczende \u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc bir yandan kentli n\u00fcfusu besleyecek, sanayi i\u00e7in girdi olu\u015fturacak, sermaye mallar\u0131 ithalat\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli d\u00f6vizi getirecek ihra\u00e7 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini sa\u011flayacak tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken, bir yandan da tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn gereksinimlerini \u00fcreten bir k\u0131rsal sanayi geli\u015ftiriyor ve i\u015fletiyordu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim, kom\u00fcn denen bir kasaba ve \u00e7evresindeki k\u00f6ylerden olu\u015fan idari birimlerde, ortak m\u00fclkiyetteki toprak ve \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak, ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyordu. K\u00f6yl\u00fcler \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 devlete vergi olarak veriyor, bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yine devlete zorunlu olarak ve devlet taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyatlardan sat\u0131yor, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, altyap\u0131 hizmetlerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kom\u00fcn y\u00f6netimine veriyor, kalan\u0131 da aralar\u0131nda \u00fcretime katk\u0131lar\u0131 oran\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. Bu da esas olarak bo\u011faz toklu\u011funu sa\u011flayacak d\u00fczeylerdeydi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

K\u00f6yl\u00fcler \u00f6te yandan da, kom\u00fcn y\u00f6netimlerinin \u00f6nderli\u011finde madencilik, demir-\u00e7elik \u00fcretimi, tar\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131, enerji, g\u00fcbre \u00fcretimi gibi alanlarda \u00fcretim yapacak tesisleri kuruyor ve bunlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

ORTAK DE\u011e\u0130L BA\u011eIMSIZ \u00dcRET\u0130M\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in, 70\u2019lerin sonunda piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7meye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fclke y\u00f6netiminin ortakla\u015fa \u00fcretim yerine ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00fcretim yapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ortak m\u00fclkiyetteki topraklar\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fclere b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcp kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 vermesiyle tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Y\u00f6netim bir yandan da tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn al\u0131m fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin gelirlerinde daha da b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f oldu. \u00dclke y\u00f6netimi, \u00f6te yandan da k\u0131rsal sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131z tar\u0131m girdisi \u00fcretmesi k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131nca bu kurulu\u015flar \u00c7in\u2019de o d\u00f6nemde k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 \u00fcretimi olan t\u00fcketim mallar\u0131 \u00fcretmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Kar\u015f\u0131lanmam\u0131\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir talep ve bu kurulu\u015flar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetleri b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00e2rlar anlam\u0131na geliyordu. Bu kurulu\u015flar ortak m\u00fclkiyette oldu\u011fundan bu k\u00e2rlar k\u0131smen k\u00f6yl\u00fclere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131yor, k\u0131smen yeniden yat\u0131r\u0131ma y\u00f6nlendiriliyordu. Sonu\u00e7, tam bir \u00fcretim patlamas\u0131yd\u0131. K\u0131rsal sanayi y\u0131lda y\u00fczde 30 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcyordu. \u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc, tar\u0131msal ve k\u0131rsal sanayi \u00fcretim art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ekonominin motoru durumundayd\u0131, bu \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc yerine getirirken de zenginle\u015fiyordu.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

KIRSALI CANLANDIRMA G\u0130R\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

90\u2019larda \u00fclke y\u00f6netimi ekonomik geli\u015fmede b\u00fcy\u00fck devlet kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ve yabanc\u0131 \u015firketleri \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan politikalara y\u00f6nelince k\u0131rsal\u0131n ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn bu rol\u00fc \u00f6nemini yitirdi. Bu d\u00f6nemde k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn rol\u00fc, yerli ve yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131 eyaletlerindeki dev tesislerde i\u015f\u00e7ilikti. \u00c7in\u2019in bu d\u00f6nemdeki ak\u0131l almaz at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neferleri, say\u0131lar\u0131 300 milyona yakla\u015fan, k\u00f6yden kentlere ak\u0131p zor ko\u015fullarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bu k\u00f6yl\u00fclerdi. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bu d\u00f6nemde k\u0131rsal altyap\u0131s\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik ko\u015fullar\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ihmal edilmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Bug\u00fcn k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve k\u0131rsal, \u2018K\u0131rsal\u0131 Canland\u0131rma\u2019 giri\u015fimi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Xi Jinping y\u00f6netiminin en temel \u00f6nceliklerinden biri konumunda. K\u0131rsalda ula\u015f\u0131m, enerji, ileti\u015fim-internet, tar\u0131msal altyap\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi; sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi, gelir d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fckseltilmesi; k\u00f6y ve kasabalar\u0131n lojistik zincirler, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m merkezleri, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezleri ile \u00fclke ticaret sistemine daha iyi entegre edilmesi, finansal sistemin k\u0131rsala daha \u00e7ok kaynak sa\u011flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir faaliyet s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bunlar\u0131n ana nedeni, ABD ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n giderek derinle\u015fti\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ortam\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin ihracat ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131l\u0131p, i\u00e7 talebin rol\u00fcn\u00fcn art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereksinimi do\u011frultusunda k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerdeki talep potansiyelinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00c7in k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmedeki yeni rol\u00fc daha iyi ya\u015famak ve daha \u00e7ok t\u00fcketmek.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"cin-koylusunun-ekonomik-buyumedeki-yeni-rolu","orjinalimage":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1710104400mcYdXZgC05Ai8PX.webp","news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1710104400mcYdXZgC05Ai8PX.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"view_count":6080,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}