{"status":true,"post":{"id":34536,"user_id":7,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2022-10-24 21:40:10","created_at":"2022-08-25T21:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-10-24T18:40:10.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":34536,"is_featured":0,"title":"\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015fyerine geri d\u00f6nerse eski \u00fccreti zorunlu mu?","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":null,"content":" \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t

\u0130SA KARAKA\u015e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u0130\u015ften ayr\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde eski \u00fccretinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle i\u015fe yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131, \u2018E\u015fitlik \u0130lkesine\u2019 ayk\u0131r\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r? B\u00f6yle bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k tazminat\u0131 sonucu \u00e7\u0131kar m\u0131? Kanundaki k\u0131staslar neler? Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu\u2019nun karar\u0131, bu konudaki sorulara da cevap veriyor. <\/strong><\/span>
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E\u015fitlik, hukuk sisteminin temel ilkelerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. \u201cE\u015fitlik \u0130lkesi\u201d en temel anlamda Anayasa\u2019m\u0131zda \u201cHerkes, dil, renk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, felsefi inan\u00e7, din, mezhep ve benzeri sebeplerle ay\u0131r\u0131m g\u00f6zetilmeksizin kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fittir\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile kurala ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Ayr\u0131ca \u201c\u00dccrette Adalet Sa\u011flanmas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki d\u00fczenlemeler de e\u015fitlik ilkesi ile ilgili. <\/span>
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AYRIM YASA\u011eI<\/strong><\/span>
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\u0130\u015f Kanununda ise; dil, \u0131rk, cinsiyet, siyasal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, felsefi inan\u00e7, din ve mezhep gibi sebeplere dayal\u0131 ayr\u0131m yasa\u011f\u0131 getirilmi\u015f durumda. Belirtilen bu hususlar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n mutlak ayr\u0131m yasa\u011f\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekiyor. E\u015fit davranma ilkesinin uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 i\u015f yerinin i\u015f\u00e7ileri olma, i\u015f yerinde topluluk bulunmas\u0131, kolektif uygulaman\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, zamanda birlik ve i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u015fartlar\u0131 zorunlu. An\u0131lan yasada ayr\u0131ca tam s\u00fcreli -k\u0131sm\u00ee s\u00fcreli i\u015f\u00e7i ile belirli s\u00fcreli-belirsiz s\u00fcreli i\u015f\u00e7i aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 i\u015flem yapma yasa\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, devam\u0131nda ise cinsiyet ve gebelik sebebiyle ayr\u0131m yasa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve bu durumda olan i\u015f\u00e7iler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin sona ermesinde de i\u015fverenin e\u015fit davranma borcu vurgulan\u0131yor.<\/span>
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Y\u00d6NET\u0130M HAKKI<\/strong><\/span>
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\u0130\u015fyerini y\u00f6netmek, i\u015fverenin inisiyatifinde olan haklardan. Bu kapsamda i\u015fveren, talimathakk\u0131naistinaden, i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde ana hatlar\u0131yla belirlenen i\u015f g\u00f6rme ediminin, nerede, nas\u0131l ve ne zaman hangi personel ile yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenliyor. G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ve biti\u015f saatlerini, ara dinlenmesinin nas\u0131l uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, i\u015f yerinde i\u015fin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin ya da kullan\u0131lacak ara\u00e7, gere\u00e7 ve teknikler konusunda verilecek talimatlar bu t\u00fcrden talimatlar aras\u0131nda kabul ediliyor. <\/span>
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\u0130\u015fvereniny\u00f6netimhakk\u0131,i\u015fyerinde d\u00fczenin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na ve i\u015f\u00e7inin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik talimat vermeyi de kaps\u0131yor. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, i\u015fverenin talimathakk\u0131 mutlak de\u011fildir. H\u00fcsn\u00fcniyet kaideleri muvacehesinde e\u015fit davranma ilkesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015fverenin y\u00f6netim hakk\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlama i\u015fverenin i\u015f yerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda hakl\u0131 ve objektif bir sebep olmad\u0131k\u00e7a keyf\u00eebi\u00e7imde ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 yasakl\u0131yor. Bu yasak t\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hi\u00e7bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6zetilmeksizin ayn\u0131 duruma getirilmesini gerektirmeyip, e\u015fit durumdaki i\u015f\u00e7ilerin farkl\u0131 i\u015fleme tabi tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7 edinmekle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bulunuyor. Aksi takdirde i\u015fveren aleyhine birtak\u0131m m\u00fceyyideler uygulan\u0131yor. <\/span>
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KARAR B\u0130LG\u0130LER\u0130<\/strong><\/span>
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Karar\u0131 Veren Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 : Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu <\/span>
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Karar Bilgileri: 2018\/592 E.,2021\/1129 K.<\/span>
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Yasal Dayana\u011f\u0131 : 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un \u201cE\u015fit Davranma \u0130lkesi \u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 5. Maddesi.<\/span>
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Karar\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi: \u0130nceleme konusu Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131nda;<\/span>
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UYU\u015eMAZLIK KONUSU<\/strong><\/span>
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Direnme yolu ile Hukuk Genel Kurulu \u00f6n\u00fcne gelen uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k; somut olayda \u201c\u2026\u00f6nceki \u00fccret d\u00fczeyinizi esas alarak yeniden i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapma iste\u011fimizi muhafaza etti\u011fimizi bilmenizi isteriz\u2026\u201d \u015feklinde beyan i\u00e7eren \u2026. tarihli fesih bildirimi ile davac\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini fesheden daval\u0131 i\u015fverenin daha sonra \u2026.. tarihinde eski \u00fccretinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle imzalanan i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile davac\u0131y\u0131 tekrar i\u015fe ba\u015flatmas\u0131 ve davac\u0131n\u0131n emekli oldu\u011fu tarihe kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yeniden i\u015f bulamama korkusu alt\u0131nda serbest iradesi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n iradesi fesada u\u011frat\u0131larak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretli i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini imzalay\u0131p imzalamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve davac\u0131n\u0131n eski \u00fccretinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fit davranma ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k te\u015fkil edip etmedi\u011fi, buradan var\u0131lacak sonuca g\u00f6re davac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fccret fark\u0131 talep edip edemeyece\u011fi ve e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k (ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k) tazminat\u0131na hak kazan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fup olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktas\u0131nda toplan\u0131yor.<\/span>
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\u0130DD\u0130A VE SAVUNMA <\/strong><\/span>
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Konuyla ilgili Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle \u201cBahse konu uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta, davac\u0131 vekili, daval\u0131 i\u015fverene ait i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fcvekkili davac\u0131n\u0131n \u201c\u2026 kriz sona erdi\u011fi ve planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fcretim temposuna yeniden ula\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirdi\u011fi takdirde sizinle \u00f6nceki \u00fccret d\u00fczeyinizi esas alarak yeniden i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapma iste\u011fimizi muhafaza etti\u011fimizi bilmenizi isteriz\u2026\u201d ifadesinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 fesih bildirimi ile i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u2026 tarihinde feshinden sonra, \u2026 tarihinde yeniden i\u015fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda m\u00fcvekkili gibi yeniden i\u015fe al\u0131nan di\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7ilerin eski \u00fccretleri ile i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k davac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu suretle daval\u0131 i\u015fverenin 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k tazminat\u0131na h\u00fckmedilmesini talep etmi\u015f; daval\u0131 i\u015fveren ise fesih ihbarnamesinde yer alan ifadenin ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme serbestisi kapsam\u0131nda \u00fccretlerin belirlendi\u011fini ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n performans puanlar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00fccretlerinde farkl\u0131 belirlendi\u011fini, e\u015fit davranma borcuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur.<\/span>
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BA\u015eVURULAN KISTASLAR <\/strong><\/span>
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Burada \u00f6ncelikle tespiti gereken husus, yeniden i\u015fe al\u0131nan baz\u0131 i\u015fe ba\u015flayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin eski \u00fccretleri ile i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k davac\u0131n\u0131n eski \u00fccretinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret ile i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilip de\u011ferlendirilmeyece\u011fi ve fark \u00fccret alaca\u011f\u0131 talep edip edemeyece\u011fi hususu. 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanununun 32. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda, genel anlamda \u00fccret, bir kimseye bir i\u015f kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015fveren veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan ve para ile \u00f6denen tutar olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f. 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 401.maddesine g\u00f6re \u00fccretin miktar\u0131 \u00f6ncelikle i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile belirleniyor. S\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde taraflar kural olarak \u00fccretin miktar\u0131n\u0131 serbest\u00e7e belirleyebilirler; \u00fccrette pazarl\u0131k serbest\u00eesi ilkesi, \u0130\u015f Hukukunun temel ilkesi. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalara g\u00f6re, daval\u0131 i\u015fverenin i\u015fe ba\u015flayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 eski \u00fccretleri ile i\u015fe ba\u015flatmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k davac\u0131y\u0131 fesih \u00f6ncesi \u00fccretinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret ile i\u015fe ba\u015flatmak suretiyle ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131, kanunda belirtilen ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k sebeplerinden ve benzerlerinden hi\u00e7birine girmiyor. Bu \u00fccret fark\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7inin de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ve de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi kendisinden beklenemeyecek \u00f6zelliklerinden kaynakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan benzeri sebepler k\u0131sm\u0131na girmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/span>
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VARILAN H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/strong><\/span>
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\u00d6te yandan ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k tazminat\u0131n\u0131n 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesinin 6. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere i\u015f ili\u015fkisinde veya sona ermesinde talep edilebilmekte. Davac\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u201ccinsiyet veya gebelik\u201d nedenine dayal\u0131 farkl\u0131 i\u015flem yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesinin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n bulunmuyor. Bu nedenlerle davac\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin kurulmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00fccret d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dayal\u0131 olarak e\u015fit davranma ilkesine dayal\u0131 tazminat hakk\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sabittir\u2026\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcne varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
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YARGITAY HUKUK GENEL KURULU KARARI\u2019NIN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/span>
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\u0130nceleme konusu bu Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu karar\u0131nda; Mer\u2019i mevzuat \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fverenin yasalasgari \u00fccretinalt\u0131nda olmamak kayd\u0131yla \u00fccret miktar\u0131n\u0131 serbest\u00e7e kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilmekte olduklar\u0131, i\u015fverenin yeniden i\u015fe ba\u015flayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 eski \u00fccretleri ile i\u015fe ba\u015flatmas\u0131 bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ise daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret ile i\u015fe ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131n 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. Maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen e\u015fit davranma ilkesi ba\u011flam\u0131nda ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k sebeplerinden ve benzerlerinden hi\u00e7birine girmedi\u011fi, bu \u00fccret fark\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7inin de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ve de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi kendisinden beklenemeyecek \u00f6zelliklerinden kaynakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan benzeri sebepler k\u0131sm\u0131na girmesinin de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca davac\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u201ccinsiyet veya gebelik\u201d nedenine dayal\u0131 farkl\u0131 i\u015flem yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesinin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenlerle davac\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin kurulmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00fccret d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dayal\u0131 olarak e\u015fit davranma ilkesine dayal\u0131 tazminat hakk\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 neticesine var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
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NELER AYRIMCILIK KAPSAMINDA? <\/strong><\/span>
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Bu emsal nitelikteki karardan \u00f6zetle i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin kurulmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda i\u015fverenin (dil, \u0131rk, renk, cinsiyet, engellilik, siyasal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, felsef\u00ee inan\u00e7, din ve mezhep ve benzeri sebepler ile yasada say\u0131lan di\u011fer hallere ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak) ayr\u0131m yapmadan i\u015fe alaca\u011f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerle farkl\u0131 \u00fccret \u00fczerinden i\u015fe al\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelmeyece\u011fi neticesine var\u0131labilir. Son olarak i\u015fverenin e\u015fit davranma borcuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranmas\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olarak \u0130\u015f Kanununda h\u00e2kimin takdir edece\u011fi i\u015f\u00e7iye verilmesi gereken 4 aya kadar \u00fccreti tutar\u0131n\u0131n ise i\u015f ili\u015fkisinde veya sona ermesinde talep edilebilmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu hususunu da belirtelim.<\/span><\/p> \t\t\t\t","slug":"calisan-isyerine-geri-donerse-eski-ucreti-zorunlu-mu","tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015fyerine geri d\u00f6nerse eski \u00fccreti zorunlu mu?","meta_description":"\u0130SA KARAKA\u015e","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":1092,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":7,"name":"\u0130SA","surname":"KARAKA\u015e","email":"igurmen@yandex.com.tr","slug":"isa-karakas","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/1733691600UsNll1YpnmquGG1.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T10:20:38.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":34635,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":34536,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015fyerine geri d\u00f6nerse eski \u00fccreti zorunlu mu?","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":null,"content":" \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t

\u0130SA KARAKA\u015e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u0130\u015ften ayr\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde eski \u00fccretinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle i\u015fe yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131, \u2018E\u015fitlik \u0130lkesine\u2019 ayk\u0131r\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r? B\u00f6yle bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k tazminat\u0131 sonucu \u00e7\u0131kar m\u0131? Kanundaki k\u0131staslar neler? Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu\u2019nun karar\u0131, bu konudaki sorulara da cevap veriyor. <\/strong><\/span>
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E\u015fitlik, hukuk sisteminin temel ilkelerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. \u201cE\u015fitlik \u0130lkesi\u201d en temel anlamda Anayasa\u2019m\u0131zda \u201cHerkes, dil, renk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, felsefi inan\u00e7, din, mezhep ve benzeri sebeplerle ay\u0131r\u0131m g\u00f6zetilmeksizin kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fittir\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile kurala ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Ayr\u0131ca \u201c\u00dccrette Adalet Sa\u011flanmas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki d\u00fczenlemeler de e\u015fitlik ilkesi ile ilgili. <\/span>
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AYRIM YASA\u011eI<\/strong><\/span>
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\u0130\u015f Kanununda ise; dil, \u0131rk, cinsiyet, siyasal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, felsefi inan\u00e7, din ve mezhep gibi sebeplere dayal\u0131 ayr\u0131m yasa\u011f\u0131 getirilmi\u015f durumda. Belirtilen bu hususlar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n mutlak ayr\u0131m yasa\u011f\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekiyor. E\u015fit davranma ilkesinin uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 i\u015f yerinin i\u015f\u00e7ileri olma, i\u015f yerinde topluluk bulunmas\u0131, kolektif uygulaman\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, zamanda birlik ve i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u015fartlar\u0131 zorunlu. An\u0131lan yasada ayr\u0131ca tam s\u00fcreli -k\u0131sm\u00ee s\u00fcreli i\u015f\u00e7i ile belirli s\u00fcreli-belirsiz s\u00fcreli i\u015f\u00e7i aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 i\u015flem yapma yasa\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, devam\u0131nda ise cinsiyet ve gebelik sebebiyle ayr\u0131m yasa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve bu durumda olan i\u015f\u00e7iler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin sona ermesinde de i\u015fverenin e\u015fit davranma borcu vurgulan\u0131yor.<\/span>
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Y\u00d6NET\u0130M HAKKI<\/strong><\/span>
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\u0130\u015fyerini y\u00f6netmek, i\u015fverenin inisiyatifinde olan haklardan. Bu kapsamda i\u015fveren, talimathakk\u0131naistinaden, i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde ana hatlar\u0131yla belirlenen i\u015f g\u00f6rme ediminin, nerede, nas\u0131l ve ne zaman hangi personel ile yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenliyor. G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ve biti\u015f saatlerini, ara dinlenmesinin nas\u0131l uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, i\u015f yerinde i\u015fin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin ya da kullan\u0131lacak ara\u00e7, gere\u00e7 ve teknikler konusunda verilecek talimatlar bu t\u00fcrden talimatlar aras\u0131nda kabul ediliyor. <\/span>
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\u0130\u015fvereniny\u00f6netimhakk\u0131,i\u015fyerinde d\u00fczenin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na ve i\u015f\u00e7inin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik talimat vermeyi de kaps\u0131yor. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, i\u015fverenin talimathakk\u0131 mutlak de\u011fildir. H\u00fcsn\u00fcniyet kaideleri muvacehesinde e\u015fit davranma ilkesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015fverenin y\u00f6netim hakk\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlama i\u015fverenin i\u015f yerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda hakl\u0131 ve objektif bir sebep olmad\u0131k\u00e7a keyf\u00eebi\u00e7imde ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 yasakl\u0131yor. Bu yasak t\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hi\u00e7bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6zetilmeksizin ayn\u0131 duruma getirilmesini gerektirmeyip, e\u015fit durumdaki i\u015f\u00e7ilerin farkl\u0131 i\u015fleme tabi tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7 edinmekle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bulunuyor. Aksi takdirde i\u015fveren aleyhine birtak\u0131m m\u00fceyyideler uygulan\u0131yor. <\/span>
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KARAR B\u0130LG\u0130LER\u0130<\/strong><\/span>
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Karar\u0131 Veren Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 : Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu <\/span>
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Karar Bilgileri: 2018\/592 E.,2021\/1129 K.<\/span>
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Yasal Dayana\u011f\u0131 : 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un \u201cE\u015fit Davranma \u0130lkesi \u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 5. Maddesi.<\/span>
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Karar\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi: \u0130nceleme konusu Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131nda;<\/span>
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UYU\u015eMAZLIK KONUSU<\/strong><\/span>
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Direnme yolu ile Hukuk Genel Kurulu \u00f6n\u00fcne gelen uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k; somut olayda \u201c\u2026\u00f6nceki \u00fccret d\u00fczeyinizi esas alarak yeniden i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapma iste\u011fimizi muhafaza etti\u011fimizi bilmenizi isteriz\u2026\u201d \u015feklinde beyan i\u00e7eren \u2026. tarihli fesih bildirimi ile davac\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini fesheden daval\u0131 i\u015fverenin daha sonra \u2026.. tarihinde eski \u00fccretinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle imzalanan i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile davac\u0131y\u0131 tekrar i\u015fe ba\u015flatmas\u0131 ve davac\u0131n\u0131n emekli oldu\u011fu tarihe kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yeniden i\u015f bulamama korkusu alt\u0131nda serbest iradesi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n iradesi fesada u\u011frat\u0131larak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretli i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini imzalay\u0131p imzalamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve davac\u0131n\u0131n eski \u00fccretinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fit davranma ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k te\u015fkil edip etmedi\u011fi, buradan var\u0131lacak sonuca g\u00f6re davac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fccret fark\u0131 talep edip edemeyece\u011fi ve e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k (ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k) tazminat\u0131na hak kazan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fup olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktas\u0131nda toplan\u0131yor.<\/span>
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\u0130DD\u0130A VE SAVUNMA <\/strong><\/span>
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Konuyla ilgili Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu karar\u0131nda \u00f6zetle \u201cBahse konu uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta, davac\u0131 vekili, daval\u0131 i\u015fverene ait i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fcvekkili davac\u0131n\u0131n \u201c\u2026 kriz sona erdi\u011fi ve planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fcretim temposuna yeniden ula\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirdi\u011fi takdirde sizinle \u00f6nceki \u00fccret d\u00fczeyinizi esas alarak yeniden i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapma iste\u011fimizi muhafaza etti\u011fimizi bilmenizi isteriz\u2026\u201d ifadesinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 fesih bildirimi ile i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u2026 tarihinde feshinden sonra, \u2026 tarihinde yeniden i\u015fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda m\u00fcvekkili gibi yeniden i\u015fe al\u0131nan di\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7ilerin eski \u00fccretleri ile i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k davac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu suretle daval\u0131 i\u015fverenin 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k tazminat\u0131na h\u00fckmedilmesini talep etmi\u015f; daval\u0131 i\u015fveren ise fesih ihbarnamesinde yer alan ifadenin ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fme serbestisi kapsam\u0131nda \u00fccretlerin belirlendi\u011fini ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n performans puanlar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00fccretlerinde farkl\u0131 belirlendi\u011fini, e\u015fit davranma borcuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur.<\/span>
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BA\u015eVURULAN KISTASLAR <\/strong><\/span>
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Burada \u00f6ncelikle tespiti gereken husus, yeniden i\u015fe al\u0131nan baz\u0131 i\u015fe ba\u015flayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin eski \u00fccretleri ile i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k davac\u0131n\u0131n eski \u00fccretinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret ile i\u015fe ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilip de\u011ferlendirilmeyece\u011fi ve fark \u00fccret alaca\u011f\u0131 talep edip edemeyece\u011fi hususu. 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanununun 32. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda, genel anlamda \u00fccret, bir kimseye bir i\u015f kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015fveren veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan ve para ile \u00f6denen tutar olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f. 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 401.maddesine g\u00f6re \u00fccretin miktar\u0131 \u00f6ncelikle i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile belirleniyor. S\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde taraflar kural olarak \u00fccretin miktar\u0131n\u0131 serbest\u00e7e belirleyebilirler; \u00fccrette pazarl\u0131k serbest\u00eesi ilkesi, \u0130\u015f Hukukunun temel ilkesi. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalara g\u00f6re, daval\u0131 i\u015fverenin i\u015fe ba\u015flayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 eski \u00fccretleri ile i\u015fe ba\u015flatmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k davac\u0131y\u0131 fesih \u00f6ncesi \u00fccretinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret ile i\u015fe ba\u015flatmak suretiyle ay\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131, kanunda belirtilen ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k sebeplerinden ve benzerlerinden hi\u00e7birine girmiyor. Bu \u00fccret fark\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7inin de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ve de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi kendisinden beklenemeyecek \u00f6zelliklerinden kaynakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan benzeri sebepler k\u0131sm\u0131na girmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/span>
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VARILAN H\u00dcK\u00dcM<\/strong><\/span>
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\u00d6te yandan ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k tazminat\u0131n\u0131n 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesinin 6. f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere i\u015f ili\u015fkisinde veya sona ermesinde talep edilebilmekte. Davac\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u201ccinsiyet veya gebelik\u201d nedenine dayal\u0131 farkl\u0131 i\u015flem yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesinin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n bulunmuyor. Bu nedenlerle davac\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin kurulmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00fccret d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dayal\u0131 olarak e\u015fit davranma ilkesine dayal\u0131 tazminat hakk\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sabittir\u2026\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcne varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
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YARGITAY HUKUK GENEL KURULU KARARI\u2019NIN \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/span>
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\u0130nceleme konusu bu Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu karar\u0131nda; Mer\u2019i mevzuat \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015fverenin yasalasgari \u00fccretinalt\u0131nda olmamak kayd\u0131yla \u00fccret miktar\u0131n\u0131 serbest\u00e7e kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilmekte olduklar\u0131, i\u015fverenin yeniden i\u015fe ba\u015flayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 eski \u00fccretleri ile i\u015fe ba\u015flatmas\u0131 bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ise daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret ile i\u015fe ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131n 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. Maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen e\u015fit davranma ilkesi ba\u011flam\u0131nda ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k sebeplerinden ve benzerlerinden hi\u00e7birine girmedi\u011fi, bu \u00fccret fark\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7inin de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ve de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi kendisinden beklenemeyecek \u00f6zelliklerinden kaynakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan benzeri sebepler k\u0131sm\u0131na girmesinin de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca davac\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u201ccinsiyet veya gebelik\u201d nedenine dayal\u0131 farkl\u0131 i\u015flem yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesinin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenlerle davac\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin kurulmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00fccret d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dayal\u0131 olarak e\u015fit davranma ilkesine dayal\u0131 tazminat hakk\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 neticesine var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
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NELER AYRIMCILIK KAPSAMINDA? <\/strong><\/span>
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Bu emsal nitelikteki karardan \u00f6zetle i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin kurulmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda i\u015fverenin (dil, \u0131rk, renk, cinsiyet, engellilik, siyasal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, felsef\u00ee inan\u00e7, din ve mezhep ve benzeri sebepler ile yasada say\u0131lan di\u011fer hallere ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak) ayr\u0131m yapmadan i\u015fe alaca\u011f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerle farkl\u0131 \u00fccret \u00fczerinden i\u015fe al\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelmeyece\u011fi neticesine var\u0131labilir. Son olarak i\u015fverenin e\u015fit davranma borcuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranmas\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olarak \u0130\u015f Kanununda h\u00e2kimin takdir edece\u011fi i\u015f\u00e7iye verilmesi gereken 4 aya kadar \u00fccreti tutar\u0131n\u0131n ise i\u015f ili\u015fkisinde veya sona ermesinde talep edilebilmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu hususunu da belirtelim.<\/span><\/p> \t\t\t\t","slug":"calisan-isyerine-geri-donerse-eski-ucreti-zorunlu-mu","orjinalimage":null,"news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015fyerine geri d\u00f6nerse eski \u00fccreti zorunlu mu?","meta_description":"\u0130SA KARAKA\u015e","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","view_count":1092,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}