{"status":true,"post":{"id":21940,"user_id":30,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2022-10-24 14:14:10","created_at":"2020-04-30T21:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2022-10-24T11:14:10.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":21940,"is_featured":0,"title":"Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u2018Made in Nijerya\u2019 ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":null,"content":" \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t

\"\"* 200 milyona yakla\u015fan n\u00fcfusuyla Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomisi konumundaki Nijerya, \u2018Made in Nijerya\u2019 ata\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Gayri Safi Milli Has\u0131las\u0131 400 milyar dolara ula\u015fan \u00fclke, Afrika ekonomisinin lokomotifi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

* T\u00fcrkiye, Nijerya ile Ticari ve Ekonomik \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Mutabakat Zapt\u0131\u2019n\u0131 onaylad\u0131. 14 Nisan 2020 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan karara g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye, Afrika devi Nijerya ile ili\u015fkilerini bir kanun temelinde geli\u015ftirmeye devam edecek.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Prof. Dr. Ahmet Kavas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Gerek akademik camiada, gerekse medyada Afrika hakk\u0131nda fikir beyan ederken genelde barda\u011f\u0131n bo\u015f taraf\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rme e\u011filimi a\u011f\u0131r bas\u0131yor. Dolu k\u0131sm\u0131yla ilgili olumlu bir c\u00fcmleye tahamm\u00fcl edilmez. Bu nas\u0131l bir uzmanl\u0131k! Bizim de, \u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en fakir k\u0131tas\u0131, geri kalm\u0131\u015f, hayatta kalk\u0131namaz, e\u011fitim yok, sa\u011fl\u0131k en b\u00fcy\u00fck dert, sanayi bu co\u011frafyan\u0131n yan\u0131ndan bile ge\u00e7emez\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kal\u0131pla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ifadelerini tekrarlamam\u0131z isteniyor. Acaba bunlar\u0131 biz mi fark ediyoruz, yoksa birileri bize, \u201cBu b\u00f6yle, ba\u015fkas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamaz\u201d diye mi bir \u015feyleri pe\u015finen kabul etmemizi istiyor. Do\u011frusu bardaktaki bo\u015f k\u0131s\u0131m hacim olarak epeyce var, ama biz o barda\u011f\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Koronavir\u00fcs sadece s\u0131hhi a\u00e7\u0131dan yok edici bir hastal\u0131k olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmakla kalmad\u0131, bize bedenimizdeki zafiyetlerimiz kadar ba\u015fka ger\u00e7ekleri de g\u00f6sterdi. \u00c7o\u011fu G7, G20, AB, ABD, Rusya, \u00c7in ve G\u00fcney Kore gibi \u201cD\u00fcnyay\u0131 biz y\u00f6netiyoruz\u201d diyenlerin nicelerini dize getirdi. T\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde adeta batmaz denen Titanic gibi t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k d\u00fczenleri y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. \u201cAfrika\u2019ya bak\u0131n\u201d diyenlere \u015fimdilerde Afrikal\u0131lar da \u201c\u015eunlara bak\u0131n\u201d diyorlar.<\/span><\/p>

\"\"S\u00d6M\u00dcRGEC\u0130LER\u0130N \u00c7EK\u0130L\u0130\u015e\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Yedi Avrupal\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci, \u00fclkenin tamam\u0131na 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6neminin getirdi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r sorumluluklar, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc koronavir\u00fcsten ka\u00e7ar gibi s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerini derhal b\u0131rak\u0131p \u00e7ekilin dedirtti. \u00c7izdikleri yapay s\u0131n\u0131rlarla adeta kendi i\u00e7lerinde yok olmaya mahkum ettikleri \u00e7o\u011fu Afrika \u00fclkesi, \u201cNe yapsa asla aya\u011fa kalkamaz, zor da olsa denese bile o \u015fekilde duramaz\u201d dedirtmeye devam etti. Oysa ki baz\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc olan yerli devlet adamlar\u0131, gidenin yerine gelene \u2018yeni s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik\u2019 deseler de kimseyi inand\u0131racak ne yazarlar\u0131, ne de \u00e7izerleri vard\u0131. Bu defa Afrikal\u0131lar\u0131n kaderini kendi i\u00e7lerinden belirledikleri temsilcileri eliyle modern devletlerin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ne laz\u0131msa onu engelleterek zaten menfaatleri ad\u0131na t\u00fcketmeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecekleri yerlerde bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc d\u00fczen kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 istemediler. Ama geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kabahatini hep k\u0131ta yerlilerine att\u0131lar. Tarihten getirdikleri her t\u00fcrl\u00fc de\u011ferleri \u00e7i\u011fnenirken yerine yenilerini de koymad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 dillendirmediler.<\/span><\/p>

1 TEMMUZ 2020 M\u0130LADI<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilerin 1960\u2019larda \u00e7ekilmeleri, 21. y\u00fczy\u0131la girerken de Sovyetlerin \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ile Afrika\u2019daki y\u00fcklerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kendili\u011finden kalkt\u0131. Onlar\u0131n yerine \u00c7in gibi yenileri gelip \u00e7\u00f6reklense de bunun da en fazla \u00e7eyrek as\u0131r s\u00fcr\u00fcp uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmayaca\u011f\u0131 belliydi. Bat\u0131 Sahra Demokratik Arap Cumhuriyeti\u2019ni de \u00fcye kabul etti\u011fi i\u00e7in halen 55 \u00fcyesiyle Afrika Birli\u011fi, 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r k\u0131tan\u0131n gelece\u011fi ile ilgili ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar\u0131 uygulamaya devam ediyor. Belki bunu yaparken de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yat\u0131r\u0131mlarla gelen \u00fclkelerden destek dahi al\u0131yor. Ama art\u0131k ne kadar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bekleyen derdi varsa bunlar\u0131 kendi i\u00e7inde halledecek d\u00fczenleri devreye sokuyor. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 temmuz ay\u0131nda da sonraki bir tarihte kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan eden Eritre hari\u00e7 54 \u00fclke Afrika K\u0131tas\u0131 Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 (Continental Free Trade Area-CFTA) imzalad\u0131. Bunu en son imzalayan iki \u00fclkeden biri Nijerya, di\u011feri de ekonomisi buna a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Benin idi. 1 Temmuz 2020 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesine aylar kald\u0131. Halen k\u0131tan\u0131n t\u00fcm ticareti dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Afrika Birli\u011fi \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki sadece y\u00fczde 15\u2019lik olan oran\u0131n b\u00f6ylece y\u00fczde 60\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 hedefleniyor.<\/span><\/p>

DEV \u00dcLKE N\u0130JERYA<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

CFTA\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girip s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131z devam\u0131n\u0131n kolay olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 herkes tahmin ediyor, \u00f6zellikle de bundan en fazla etkilenen \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Nijerya\u2019n\u0131n gelece\u011fi a\u015fik\u00e2r. Sebebine gelince, neredeyse 1.5 milyara yak\u0131n n\u00fcfusa sahip Afrika\u2019da her 6 ki\u015fiden birisinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u00fclke, bilhassa \u00e7evresindeki kom\u015fular\u0131 dahil ba\u015fta AB, ABD, Hindistan, \u00c7in olmak \u00fczere her birinin tabii pazar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131. Bunlar ya g\u00fcnl\u00fck 2 milyon varilin \u00fczerinde ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi petrol\u00fcn, do\u011falgaz\u0131n veya madenlerinin m\u00fc\u015fterileri ya da her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ithal \u00fcr\u00fcne muhta\u00e7 devasa bir pazar\u0131n\u0131n tedarik\u00e7ileri. <\/span><\/p>

\"\"\u0130ngilizlerin \u00e7izdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k verilmesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden etnik, dini, hatta daha ba\u015fka farkl\u0131 co\u011frafi \u00f6zellikler gibi bir arada ya\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131ran devlet d\u00fczeni bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc oturamad\u0131, devaml\u0131 darbelerle sars\u0131ld\u0131. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en kanl\u0131 i\u00e7 sava\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki Biafra \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, Nijer Deltas\u0131\u2019ndaki petrol tesislerine sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn al\u0131namamas\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla Hristiyanlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc gerginliklerin zirve yapmas\u0131, Boko Haram gibi yok edece\u011fi insanlar aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir ay\u0131r\u0131m g\u00f6zetmeyen bir ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn al\u0131namamas\u0131, bundan belki daha a\u011f\u0131r sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furan \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerle s\u00fcr\u00fclerini otlatan \u00e7obanlar aras\u0131ndaki kavgalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 tahribat\u0131 ve 1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan bu tarafa \u015eiilik yayma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Nijeryal\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 birbirine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesi, yolsuzluk ve zengin-fakir aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7urumun giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, Nijerya i\u00e7in h\u00e2l\u00e2 barda\u011f\u0131n bo\u015f taraf\u0131 olarak sunulan ana konular\u2026 Neden bu \u00fclke bu kadar dertle ayn\u0131 anda u\u011fra\u015fmak zorunda kald\u0131?<\/span><\/p>

T\u00dcKETEN DE\u011e\u0130L \u00dcRETEN <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda askeri bir darbeyle iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7iren General Muhammed Buhari\u2019nin derdi diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck kurmak de\u011fildi. \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fiyle olu\u015fan hasara az da olsun dur demek istiyordu. Niyeti, devletin y\u00f6netimini de bir an evvel sivillere b\u0131rakmakt\u0131 ve 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde bunu yapt\u0131. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131 may\u0131s ay\u0131nda ise devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerinde aday oldu\u011funda herkes kesinlikle kazanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. \u00dclkenin 55 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi i\u00e7inde onun 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00f6netimi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc d\u00fczeltilemeyen hasar\u0131 yine onun halledebilece\u011fini i\u015faret ediyordu. Nitekim hem o se\u00e7imi hem de 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015fubat ay\u0131nda ikincisini kazand\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

Nijerya Gayri Safi Milli Has\u0131las\u0131 400 milyar dolara ula\u015fan bir \u00fclke. Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomisine sahip. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7esi 33 milyar dolar olarak belirlendi ve kalk\u0131nma h\u0131z\u0131nda y\u00fczde 2\u2019lik bir seviye \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu belirlenirken ihracat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu petrol\u00fcn varili 57 dolard\u0131. Muhammed Buhari ne yap\u0131p edip Nijerya\u2019y\u0131 sadece t\u00fcketen de\u011fil, \u00fcreten bir \u00fclkeye \u00e7evirmek istiyordu. Korumac\u0131 bir ekonomi uygulamas\u0131yla t\u00fcm \u00e7evre \u00fclkeler dahil ithalat yap\u0131lan herkesle mevcut ticaret a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 daraltacakt\u0131. Otomobil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde vergileri y\u00fczde 70\u2019e y\u00fckseltti. Bu pazara bundan b\u00f6yle \u00fcr\u00fcn satamayacak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen firmalar\u0131 \u00fcretici olmak i\u00e7in s\u0131raya girdiler. Art\u0131k pazarda daha \u00e7ok yerli \u00fcretim otomobiller sat\u0131lacak.<\/span><\/p>

\u00dcR\u00dcNLERE MINE DAMGASI<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Asl\u0131nda Nijerya gibi neredeyse t\u00fcm k\u0131ta \u00fclkeleri \u2018Made in Africa\u2019, yani \u2018Afrika Mal\u0131\u2019 damgas\u0131n\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmak istiyorlar. Abuja y\u00f6netimi bu konuda \u00f6nc\u00fc bir rol \u00fcstlendi. FORBES 2019\u2019a g\u00f6re d\u00fcnya s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda 4 dolar milyarderi olan \u00fclkede en ba\u015fta g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve sanayi ile tekstil konusunda yerel \u00fcretim d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ithalat k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131. Art\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fczerinde \u2018MINE\u2019 damgas\u0131, \u2018Made in Nigeria for Export\/Nijerya \u0130hracat \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019 g\u00f6r\u00fclecek. Sadece pirin\u00e7 i\u00e7in yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00f6denen mebla\u011f\u0131n miktar\u0131 bile bu t\u00fcr tah\u0131l \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ithalat\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak i\u00e7in bir sebepti. Muhammed Buhari, bu hedefinde bir\u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ve zorlu\u011fu g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsleyip taviz vermeden ilerlerken art\u0131k \u00fclkesinin her isteyene a\u00e7\u0131k bir pazar de\u011fil, yerli \u00fcr\u00fcne imza atacak ortaklar\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na f\u0131rsatlar sunmakla me\u015fgul \u00f6rnek bir devlet adam\u0131 konumunda.<\/span><\/p>

Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomisi konumundaki bu dev \u00fclke ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m daha at\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile Nijerya Federal Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Aras\u0131nda Ticari ve Ekonomik \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Mutabakat Zapt\u0131\u2019n\u0131n onaylanmas\u0131 uygun bulundu. 14 Nisan 2020 tarihli ve 31099 say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan karara g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye, Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n lokomotifi konumundaki Nijerya ile ili\u015fkilerini bir kanun temelinde geli\u015ftirecek.<\/span><\/p>

\"\"AFR\u0130KA G\u00dcNDEM\u0130NDEN\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

* Tunus eski Ekonomi Bakan\u0131 Hakim Bin Hammude, koronavir\u00fcs krizi sebebiyle 158 bin Tunuslu\u2019nun i\u015flerini kaybedece\u011fini ifade etti.<\/span><\/p>

* Koronavir\u00fcs, Afrika'da etkisini g\u00f6sterirken Malavi'de \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda hem\u015fireler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden greve gidiyor.<\/span><\/p>

* Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Afrika Ekonomi Komisyonu, koronavir\u00fcs pandemisinin h\u00fck\u00fcmetler taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nan sert \u00f6nlemlere ra\u011fmen bu y\u0131l Afrika'da 300 bin ki\u015finin \u00f6lmesine neden olabilece\u011fini iddia eden bir rapor yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

* Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131, Akdeniz yoluyla Avrupa\u2019ya illegal ge\u00e7i\u015flerin y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine sebep oldu. \u0130spanyol El Pais gazetesi, yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 Fasl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n gizlice iki lastik tekneyle \u0130spanya\u2019dan \u00fclkelerine d\u00f6nmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

* \u00c7ad ordusunun \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki askeri operasyonlar\u0131 durduraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130dris Debi, 31 Mart'ta \u00c7ad G\u00f6l\u00fc havzas\u0131ndaki Boko Haram unsurlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen sald\u0131r\u0131da 1000 ter\u00f6ristin etkisiz hale getirildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/span><\/p> \t\t\t\t","slug":"afrikanin-en-buyugu-made-in-nijerya-ile-isbirligi","tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u2018Made in Nijerya\u2019 ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi","meta_description":"Prof. Dr. Ahmet Kavas","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":1095,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":30,"name":"AHMET","surname":"KAVAS","email":"prof-dr-ahmet-kavas@gmail.com","slug":"prof-dr-ahmet-kavas","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/17336916002RXDhDXyMw3kEXW.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-10-24T11:09:13.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T09:44:44.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":22039,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":21940,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u2018Made in Nijerya\u2019 ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":null,"content":" \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t

\"\"* 200 milyona yakla\u015fan n\u00fcfusuyla Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomisi konumundaki Nijerya, \u2018Made in Nijerya\u2019 ata\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Gayri Safi Milli Has\u0131las\u0131 400 milyar dolara ula\u015fan \u00fclke, Afrika ekonomisinin lokomotifi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

* T\u00fcrkiye, Nijerya ile Ticari ve Ekonomik \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Mutabakat Zapt\u0131\u2019n\u0131 onaylad\u0131. 14 Nisan 2020 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan karara g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye, Afrika devi Nijerya ile ili\u015fkilerini bir kanun temelinde geli\u015ftirmeye devam edecek.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Prof. Dr. Ahmet Kavas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Gerek akademik camiada, gerekse medyada Afrika hakk\u0131nda fikir beyan ederken genelde barda\u011f\u0131n bo\u015f taraf\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rme e\u011filimi a\u011f\u0131r bas\u0131yor. Dolu k\u0131sm\u0131yla ilgili olumlu bir c\u00fcmleye tahamm\u00fcl edilmez. Bu nas\u0131l bir uzmanl\u0131k! Bizim de, \u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en fakir k\u0131tas\u0131, geri kalm\u0131\u015f, hayatta kalk\u0131namaz, e\u011fitim yok, sa\u011fl\u0131k en b\u00fcy\u00fck dert, sanayi bu co\u011frafyan\u0131n yan\u0131ndan bile ge\u00e7emez\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kal\u0131pla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ifadelerini tekrarlamam\u0131z isteniyor. Acaba bunlar\u0131 biz mi fark ediyoruz, yoksa birileri bize, \u201cBu b\u00f6yle, ba\u015fkas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamaz\u201d diye mi bir \u015feyleri pe\u015finen kabul etmemizi istiyor. Do\u011frusu bardaktaki bo\u015f k\u0131s\u0131m hacim olarak epeyce var, ama biz o barda\u011f\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Koronavir\u00fcs sadece s\u0131hhi a\u00e7\u0131dan yok edici bir hastal\u0131k olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmakla kalmad\u0131, bize bedenimizdeki zafiyetlerimiz kadar ba\u015fka ger\u00e7ekleri de g\u00f6sterdi. \u00c7o\u011fu G7, G20, AB, ABD, Rusya, \u00c7in ve G\u00fcney Kore gibi \u201cD\u00fcnyay\u0131 biz y\u00f6netiyoruz\u201d diyenlerin nicelerini dize getirdi. T\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde adeta batmaz denen Titanic gibi t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k d\u00fczenleri y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. \u201cAfrika\u2019ya bak\u0131n\u201d diyenlere \u015fimdilerde Afrikal\u0131lar da \u201c\u015eunlara bak\u0131n\u201d diyorlar.<\/span><\/p>

\"\"S\u00d6M\u00dcRGEC\u0130LER\u0130N \u00c7EK\u0130L\u0130\u015e\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Yedi Avrupal\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci, \u00fclkenin tamam\u0131na 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6neminin getirdi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r sorumluluklar, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc koronavir\u00fcsten ka\u00e7ar gibi s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerini derhal b\u0131rak\u0131p \u00e7ekilin dedirtti. \u00c7izdikleri yapay s\u0131n\u0131rlarla adeta kendi i\u00e7lerinde yok olmaya mahkum ettikleri \u00e7o\u011fu Afrika \u00fclkesi, \u201cNe yapsa asla aya\u011fa kalkamaz, zor da olsa denese bile o \u015fekilde duramaz\u201d dedirtmeye devam etti. Oysa ki baz\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc olan yerli devlet adamlar\u0131, gidenin yerine gelene \u2018yeni s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik\u2019 deseler de kimseyi inand\u0131racak ne yazarlar\u0131, ne de \u00e7izerleri vard\u0131. Bu defa Afrikal\u0131lar\u0131n kaderini kendi i\u00e7lerinden belirledikleri temsilcileri eliyle modern devletlerin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ne laz\u0131msa onu engelleterek zaten menfaatleri ad\u0131na t\u00fcketmeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecekleri yerlerde bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc d\u00fczen kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 istemediler. Ama geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kabahatini hep k\u0131ta yerlilerine att\u0131lar. Tarihten getirdikleri her t\u00fcrl\u00fc de\u011ferleri \u00e7i\u011fnenirken yerine yenilerini de koymad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 dillendirmediler.<\/span><\/p>

1 TEMMUZ 2020 M\u0130LADI<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilerin 1960\u2019larda \u00e7ekilmeleri, 21. y\u00fczy\u0131la girerken de Sovyetlerin \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ile Afrika\u2019daki y\u00fcklerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kendili\u011finden kalkt\u0131. Onlar\u0131n yerine \u00c7in gibi yenileri gelip \u00e7\u00f6reklense de bunun da en fazla \u00e7eyrek as\u0131r s\u00fcr\u00fcp uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmayaca\u011f\u0131 belliydi. Bat\u0131 Sahra Demokratik Arap Cumhuriyeti\u2019ni de \u00fcye kabul etti\u011fi i\u00e7in halen 55 \u00fcyesiyle Afrika Birli\u011fi, 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r k\u0131tan\u0131n gelece\u011fi ile ilgili ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar\u0131 uygulamaya devam ediyor. Belki bunu yaparken de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yat\u0131r\u0131mlarla gelen \u00fclkelerden destek dahi al\u0131yor. Ama art\u0131k ne kadar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bekleyen derdi varsa bunlar\u0131 kendi i\u00e7inde halledecek d\u00fczenleri devreye sokuyor. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 temmuz ay\u0131nda da sonraki bir tarihte kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan eden Eritre hari\u00e7 54 \u00fclke Afrika K\u0131tas\u0131 Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 (Continental Free Trade Area-CFTA) imzalad\u0131. Bunu en son imzalayan iki \u00fclkeden biri Nijerya, di\u011feri de ekonomisi buna a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Benin idi. 1 Temmuz 2020 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesine aylar kald\u0131. Halen k\u0131tan\u0131n t\u00fcm ticareti dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Afrika Birli\u011fi \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki sadece y\u00fczde 15\u2019lik olan oran\u0131n b\u00f6ylece y\u00fczde 60\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 hedefleniyor.<\/span><\/p>

DEV \u00dcLKE N\u0130JERYA<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

CFTA\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girip s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131z devam\u0131n\u0131n kolay olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 herkes tahmin ediyor, \u00f6zellikle de bundan en fazla etkilenen \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Nijerya\u2019n\u0131n gelece\u011fi a\u015fik\u00e2r. Sebebine gelince, neredeyse 1.5 milyara yak\u0131n n\u00fcfusa sahip Afrika\u2019da her 6 ki\u015fiden birisinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u00fclke, bilhassa \u00e7evresindeki kom\u015fular\u0131 dahil ba\u015fta AB, ABD, Hindistan, \u00c7in olmak \u00fczere her birinin tabii pazar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131. Bunlar ya g\u00fcnl\u00fck 2 milyon varilin \u00fczerinde ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi petrol\u00fcn, do\u011falgaz\u0131n veya madenlerinin m\u00fc\u015fterileri ya da her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ithal \u00fcr\u00fcne muhta\u00e7 devasa bir pazar\u0131n\u0131n tedarik\u00e7ileri. <\/span><\/p>

\"\"\u0130ngilizlerin \u00e7izdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k verilmesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden etnik, dini, hatta daha ba\u015fka farkl\u0131 co\u011frafi \u00f6zellikler gibi bir arada ya\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131ran devlet d\u00fczeni bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc oturamad\u0131, devaml\u0131 darbelerle sars\u0131ld\u0131. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en kanl\u0131 i\u00e7 sava\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki Biafra \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, Nijer Deltas\u0131\u2019ndaki petrol tesislerine sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn al\u0131namamas\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla Hristiyanlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc gerginliklerin zirve yapmas\u0131, Boko Haram gibi yok edece\u011fi insanlar aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir ay\u0131r\u0131m g\u00f6zetmeyen bir ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn al\u0131namamas\u0131, bundan belki daha a\u011f\u0131r sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furan \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerle s\u00fcr\u00fclerini otlatan \u00e7obanlar aras\u0131ndaki kavgalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 tahribat\u0131 ve 1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan bu tarafa \u015eiilik yayma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Nijeryal\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 birbirine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesi, yolsuzluk ve zengin-fakir aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7urumun giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, Nijerya i\u00e7in h\u00e2l\u00e2 barda\u011f\u0131n bo\u015f taraf\u0131 olarak sunulan ana konular\u2026 Neden bu \u00fclke bu kadar dertle ayn\u0131 anda u\u011fra\u015fmak zorunda kald\u0131?<\/span><\/p>

T\u00dcKETEN DE\u011e\u0130L \u00dcRETEN <\/strong><\/span><\/p>

1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda askeri bir darbeyle iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7iren General Muhammed Buhari\u2019nin derdi diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck kurmak de\u011fildi. \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fiyle olu\u015fan hasara az da olsun dur demek istiyordu. Niyeti, devletin y\u00f6netimini de bir an evvel sivillere b\u0131rakmakt\u0131 ve 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde bunu yapt\u0131. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131 may\u0131s ay\u0131nda ise devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerinde aday oldu\u011funda herkes kesinlikle kazanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. \u00dclkenin 55 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi i\u00e7inde onun 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00f6netimi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc d\u00fczeltilemeyen hasar\u0131 yine onun halledebilece\u011fini i\u015faret ediyordu. Nitekim hem o se\u00e7imi hem de 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015fubat ay\u0131nda ikincisini kazand\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

Nijerya Gayri Safi Milli Has\u0131las\u0131 400 milyar dolara ula\u015fan bir \u00fclke. Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomisine sahip. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7esi 33 milyar dolar olarak belirlendi ve kalk\u0131nma h\u0131z\u0131nda y\u00fczde 2\u2019lik bir seviye \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu belirlenirken ihracat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu petrol\u00fcn varili 57 dolard\u0131. Muhammed Buhari ne yap\u0131p edip Nijerya\u2019y\u0131 sadece t\u00fcketen de\u011fil, \u00fcreten bir \u00fclkeye \u00e7evirmek istiyordu. Korumac\u0131 bir ekonomi uygulamas\u0131yla t\u00fcm \u00e7evre \u00fclkeler dahil ithalat yap\u0131lan herkesle mevcut ticaret a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 daraltacakt\u0131. Otomobil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde vergileri y\u00fczde 70\u2019e y\u00fckseltti. Bu pazara bundan b\u00f6yle \u00fcr\u00fcn satamayacak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen firmalar\u0131 \u00fcretici olmak i\u00e7in s\u0131raya girdiler. Art\u0131k pazarda daha \u00e7ok yerli \u00fcretim otomobiller sat\u0131lacak.<\/span><\/p>

\u00dcR\u00dcNLERE MINE DAMGASI<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Asl\u0131nda Nijerya gibi neredeyse t\u00fcm k\u0131ta \u00fclkeleri \u2018Made in Africa\u2019, yani \u2018Afrika Mal\u0131\u2019 damgas\u0131n\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmak istiyorlar. Abuja y\u00f6netimi bu konuda \u00f6nc\u00fc bir rol \u00fcstlendi. FORBES 2019\u2019a g\u00f6re d\u00fcnya s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda 4 dolar milyarderi olan \u00fclkede en ba\u015fta g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve sanayi ile tekstil konusunda yerel \u00fcretim d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ithalat k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131. Art\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fczerinde \u2018MINE\u2019 damgas\u0131, \u2018Made in Nigeria for Export\/Nijerya \u0130hracat \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019 g\u00f6r\u00fclecek. Sadece pirin\u00e7 i\u00e7in yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00f6denen mebla\u011f\u0131n miktar\u0131 bile bu t\u00fcr tah\u0131l \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ithalat\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak i\u00e7in bir sebepti. Muhammed Buhari, bu hedefinde bir\u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ve zorlu\u011fu g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsleyip taviz vermeden ilerlerken art\u0131k \u00fclkesinin her isteyene a\u00e7\u0131k bir pazar de\u011fil, yerli \u00fcr\u00fcne imza atacak ortaklar\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na f\u0131rsatlar sunmakla me\u015fgul \u00f6rnek bir devlet adam\u0131 konumunda.<\/span><\/p>

Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomisi konumundaki bu dev \u00fclke ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m daha at\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile Nijerya Federal Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Aras\u0131nda Ticari ve Ekonomik \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Mutabakat Zapt\u0131\u2019n\u0131n onaylanmas\u0131 uygun bulundu. 14 Nisan 2020 tarihli ve 31099 say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan karara g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye, Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n lokomotifi konumundaki Nijerya ile ili\u015fkilerini bir kanun temelinde geli\u015ftirecek.<\/span><\/p>

\"\"AFR\u0130KA G\u00dcNDEM\u0130NDEN\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

* Tunus eski Ekonomi Bakan\u0131 Hakim Bin Hammude, koronavir\u00fcs krizi sebebiyle 158 bin Tunuslu\u2019nun i\u015flerini kaybedece\u011fini ifade etti.<\/span><\/p>

* Koronavir\u00fcs, Afrika'da etkisini g\u00f6sterirken Malavi'de \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda hem\u015fireler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden greve gidiyor.<\/span><\/p>

* Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Afrika Ekonomi Komisyonu, koronavir\u00fcs pandemisinin h\u00fck\u00fcmetler taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nan sert \u00f6nlemlere ra\u011fmen bu y\u0131l Afrika'da 300 bin ki\u015finin \u00f6lmesine neden olabilece\u011fini iddia eden bir rapor yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

* Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131, Akdeniz yoluyla Avrupa\u2019ya illegal ge\u00e7i\u015flerin y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine sebep oldu. \u0130spanyol El Pais gazetesi, yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 Fasl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n gizlice iki lastik tekneyle \u0130spanya\u2019dan \u00fclkelerine d\u00f6nmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

* \u00c7ad ordusunun \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki askeri operasyonlar\u0131 durduraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130dris Debi, 31 Mart'ta \u00c7ad G\u00f6l\u00fc havzas\u0131ndaki Boko Haram unsurlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen sald\u0131r\u0131da 1000 ter\u00f6ristin etkisiz hale getirildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/span><\/p> \t\t\t\t","slug":"afrikanin-en-buyugu-made-in-nijerya-ile-isbirligi","orjinalimage":null,"news_cover_min":null,"news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","meta_title":"Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u2018Made in Nijerya\u2019 ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi","meta_description":"Prof. Dr. Ahmet Kavas","meta_keywords":"K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131","view_count":1095,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}