{"status":true,"post":{"id":41463,"user_id":30,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2023-07-10 09:06:00","created_at":"2023-07-10T06:06:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2023-07-10T11:09:08.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":41463,"is_featured":0,"title":"Afrika ile ticaret Afreximbank ile art\u0131yor","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":"PROF. DR. AHMET KAVAS","content":"


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Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131nda ihracat ve ithalat konular\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fc finans kurumu olmak \u00fczere 1993\u2019te kurulan Afreximbank, k\u0131tan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bankas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda. Banka, 2026 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Afrika i\u00e7i ticaretteki finansman a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in 26 milyar dolar kaynak sa\u011flayacak.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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\u0130\u015ftirakleri aras\u0131nda Afrika Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131, Afrika Merkez Bankas\u0131 ve k\u0131sa ad\u0131yla PAPSS olarak bilinen Pan-Afrika \u00d6deme ve Takas Sistemi bulunan Afreximbank, T\u00fcrk Eximbank ile de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. \u0130ki kurumun ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Afrika ticareti katlanarak art\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Afrika\u2019n\u0131n kalk\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 bizzat yine kendilerinden ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netecek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha da belirginle\u015fiyor. 1993 y\u0131l\u0131 ekim ay\u0131nda Nijerya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Abuja\u2019da, Afrika \u0130hracat ve \u0130thalat Bankas\u0131, k\u0131sa ad\u0131yla Afreximbank, b\u00fcy\u00fck hayallerle kurulurken, bir g\u00fcn gelip de k\u0131tan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bankas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp Afrika\u2019n\u0131n kaderinde hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 o d\u00f6nemde kestirmek zordu. Aradan ge\u00e7en 30 y\u0131l gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre, bu devasa co\u011frafyan\u0131n 54 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00fclkesini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir iktisadi g\u00fcce d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerindeki uygulamalar\u0131 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015fan \u00fclkelerin yak\u0131ndan takip edip bir an evvel devreye koymas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>

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\u00d6NC\u00dc F\u0130NANS KURUMU<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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T\u00fcm k\u0131tan\u0131n ihracat ve ithalat konular\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fc finans kurumu olarak Afreximbank\u2019\u0131n kurucular\u0131; Afrikal\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, \u00f6zel yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar, Afrikal\u0131 kurumlar, Afrika d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelen finans kurumlar\u0131 ve finans sa\u011flama amac\u0131yla gelen \u00f6zel yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar bir araya gelip k\u0131ta i\u00e7i ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile ihracat ve ithalat\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek ve geli\u015ftirmek istedi. 5 milyar dolar kaynak ile kurulan bu bankan\u0131n merkezi M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Kahire olarak belirlendi. Banka, 30 Eyl\u00fcl 1994 tarihinde faaliyete ge\u00e7irildi. 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 aral\u0131k ay\u0131 itibar\u0131yla \u00f6ncelikli olarak G\u00fcney Afrika b\u00f6lgesini kapsamas\u0131 i\u00e7in Zambiya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Harare, \u0130ngilizce konu\u015fulan Bat\u0131 Afrika \u00fclkelerini temsilen Nijerya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Abuja ve Frans\u0131zca konu\u015fulan Afrika \u00fclkeleri ad\u0131na Fildi\u015fi Sahili\u2019nin ekonomik ba\u015fkenti Abidjan\u2019a ilk \u015fubeleri a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sonra bu a\u011f i\u00e7inde Do\u011fu Afrika\u2019y\u0131 temsil etmek \u00fczere Uganda\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Kampala ve Orta Afrika B\u00f6lgesi \u00fclkeleri ad\u0131na da Kamerun\u2019un ba\u015fkenti Yaunde ilave edildi. \u00dcyelerinin sadece Afrika Birli\u011fi as\u0131l \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda yer almalar\u0131na \u00f6ncelik verilirken, istisnai olarak 2023\u2019te ise Karayip Adalar\u0131\u2019nda bir temsilcilik a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflendi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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\u0130\u015eT\u0130RAKLER\u0130 DE VAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Kurulu\u015fundan itibaren Afreximbank, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 3. ba\u015fkan\u0131 ile ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yoluna devam ediyor. \u0130\u015ftirakleri aras\u0131nda Afrika Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131, Afrika Merkez Bankas\u0131 ve k\u0131sa ad\u0131yla PAPSS olarak bilinen Pan-Afrika \u00d6deme ve Takas Sistemi bulunuyor.<\/span><\/p>


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2023 y\u0131l\u0131 sonuna kadar Afrika\u2019da 15-20 \u00fclkenin daha k\u0131ta i\u00e7inde kendi aralar\u0131nda \u00f6deme ve takas d\u00fczenine kat\u0131lmas\u0131 bekleniyor. K\u0131saca PAPSS denen, bir anlamda Pan-Afrika \u00d6deme ve Takas D\u00fczeni, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Bunun amac\u0131, 54 \u00fclkenin an\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi \u00f6demelerinin yerel para birimiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesidir. \u0130lk \u00f6nce Bat\u0131 Afrika Para Birli\u011fi B\u00f6lgesindeki Gambiya, Gana, Liberya ve Nijerya gibi 9 \u00fclkede test edildi. Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in 500 milyon dolarl\u0131k bir kaynak kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Sat\u0131n alma i\u015flemleri, para aktar\u0131mlar\u0131, maa\u015f \u00f6demeleri, hisse senedi al\u0131m-sat\u0131mlar\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek mebla\u011fl\u0131 ticari i\u015flemler art\u0131k bu yolla ger\u00e7ekle\u015febiliyor. Bu uygulama beklendi\u011fi gibi geli\u015fti\u011fi takdirde her y\u0131l 5 milyar dolar tutar\u0131nda bir kaynak k\u0131ta i\u00e7inde kalacak ve halen di\u011fer k\u0131talardaki bankalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yap\u0131lan \u00f6demelere verilmemi\u015f olacak.<\/span><\/p>

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Afrika\u2019da k\u0131ta \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6deme ve takas d\u00fczeni, bu uygulama tam anlam\u0131yla faaliyete ge\u00e7ene kadar d\u00f6viz kurlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmeye devam ediyor. Fransa taraf\u0131ndan bas\u0131lan ve 14 \u00fclke taraf\u0131ndan tedav\u00fclde tutulan Bat\u0131 ve Orta Afrika Frank\u0131 dahil toplam 54 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00fclkede 42 farkl\u0131 para birimi bulunuyor. Bu yeni uygulama ile PAPSS\u2019a kat\u0131lan devletler kendi aralar\u0131nda kendi yerel paralar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir kur \u00fczerinden i\u015flem g\u00f6rmelerini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Afreximbank ve t\u00fcm \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin merkez bankalar\u0131 ile ortakla\u015fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Yine de her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli s\u00fcre\u00e7 hen\u00fcz tamamlanmad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

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T\u0130CARETE KAYNAK<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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2026 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Afrika i\u00e7i ticaretteki finansman a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in Afreximbank ek olarak 26 milyar dolar\u0131 bulan bir kaynak sa\u011flayacak. Zaten \u015fu anda 600 b\u00fcy\u00fck bankadan 500 kadar\u0131n\u0131n swift i\u015flemi yapmas\u0131 da bunun bir g\u00f6stergesi. Hatta bu i\u015flemler Afreximbank\u2019\u0131 k\u0131tadaki en geni\u015f banka a\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f durumda. 2020-2022 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda k\u0131ta genelinde 50 milyar dolar da\u011f\u0131tarak bir\u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcmete, merkez ve ticari bankaya, t\u00fczel ki\u015fiye, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve ortak i\u015fletmelere destek vermesi ve son ekonomik krizleri g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslemesi, bu bankan\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ifade ediyor.<\/span><\/p>

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D\u00fcnyada giderek artan dolars\u0131zla\u015fma e\u011filimi yan\u0131nda Afrika\u2019daki ama\u00e7 da k\u0131sa vadede ABD para biriminden kurtulmak de\u011fil. Asl\u0131nda dolar, yuan ve Euro gibi para birimleriyle u\u011fra\u015fmadan Pan-Afrikan \u00f6deme d\u00fczeninin geni\u015flemesi hedefleniyor ve bunun i\u00e7in de Afreximbank 3 milyar dolarl\u0131k kaynak ay\u0131rd\u0131. Afrika \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda takas ve \u00f6deme yap\u0131l\u0131rken arac\u0131 bankalara verilen i\u015fletim \u00fccretleri ortadan kalkacak ve k\u0131ta d\u0131\u015f\u0131na bu i\u015flemler i\u00e7in bir dolar \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmayacak. Bu sayede PAPSS\u2019a \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki ticari i\u015flemlerde kendi yerel para birimleriyle bir \u00f6deme d\u00fczeni yerle\u015ftirip k\u0131ta genelini kapsayan bir seviyeye gelmesi sa\u011flanacak. \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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D\u0130J\u0130TAL \u00d6DEME S\u0130STEM\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Afreximbank, t\u00fcm k\u0131ta genelinde ilk dijital \u00f6deme d\u00fczenine de hayatiyet verdi. B\u00f6ylece i\u00e7 ticaretin te\u015fvikinde bir a\u015fama daha kaydedildi. Al\u0131nan neticeler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Afrika ekonomilerinin daha fazla par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilerek az geli\u015fmi\u015flik belas\u0131n\u0131 bir an evvel ciddi oranda \u00f6nlemek olacak. B\u00f6ylece yabanc\u0131 para birimlerinin Afrikal\u0131lar aras\u0131 ticari i\u015flemlerdeki m\u00fcdahaleleri azalacak. Daha da \u00f6nemlisi kendi aralar\u0131nda i\u00e7 ticaret i\u015flemleri h\u0131zlanacak ve i\u00e7 \u00f6demeler bir anlamda evcille\u015fecek. B\u00f6ylece kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen t\u00fcm ticari faaliyetler m\u00fcmk\u00fcn mertebe kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nacak ve toplamda 50 milyar dolar\u0131 bulan bu devasa hacim kay\u0131t alt\u0131na girecek.<\/span><\/p>

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KITA T\u0130CARET\u0130N\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eT\u0130RME<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Merkezi verilerine g\u00f6re Afrika \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki ticari i\u015flemlerin pay\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede kalmaya devam ediyor. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u0131ta i\u00e7i ithalat \u00f6nceki senede oldu\u011fu gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fad\u0131 ve 58.6 milyar dolarda kald\u0131. Bu, Afrika Birli\u011fi\u2019ne t\u00fcm \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ithalat\u0131n sadece y\u00fczde 12 gibi neredeyse onda bir oran\u0131nda seviyeyi temsil ediyor. Temel sebeplerden biri, Afrika devletlerinin tedav\u00fclde tuttuklar\u0131 para birimlerinin fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131. E\u011fer PAPSS hakk\u0131yla uygulan\u0131rsa Afrika Serbest Ticaret B\u00f6lgesi Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da etkisini art\u0131racak. Gelinen bu noktada elde edilen ba\u015far\u0131, \u00e7ok de\u011fil birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6nce dahi ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zor onlarca y\u0131ll\u0131k bir r\u00fcyan\u0131n ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f halidir.<\/span><\/p>

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Afreximbank ile Afrika i\u00e7i ticareti geli\u015ftirme, \u00e7e\u015fitlendirme, geni\u015fletme, sanayile\u015fme ve ihracat geli\u015ftirme, ticari finansmanda \u00f6nderlik yap\u0131lmas\u0131, finansla ilgili g\u00fc\u00e7 ve elde edilen ba\u015far\u0131 \u00f6nemli. Uluslararas\u0131 kredilendirme kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n bu bankan\u0131n i\u015flem<\/span>lerine verdi\u011fi notlar da umut verici.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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T\u00dcRK YATIRIMCILARA F\u0130NANSMAN<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Afrika\u2019da her ge\u00e7en sene say\u0131lar\u0131 ve i\u015f hacimleri giderek artan T\u00fcrk firmalar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrk Eximbank ile k\u0131tada \u00f6nemli projeleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor. Afreximbank ile kurdu\u011fu yak\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fi sayesinde T\u00fcrk yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n daha fazla etkinlik yapt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6zleniyor. Bu banka, risk payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 da dahil T\u00fcrk Eximbank ile ticari i\u015flemlerde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor. 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla T\u00fcrk m\u00fcteahhitlik hizmetleri toplamda 428 milyar dolarl\u0131k ticaret hacmi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken, Afrika\u2019n\u0131n genelindeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 17\u2019lik orana ula\u015ft\u0131 ve 73 milyar dolar\u0131 buldu.<\/span><\/p>

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Afrika Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131ta d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan 25. \u00fcyesi olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 2010 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren hissedarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 da \u00f6nemli bir karar. T\u00fcrk Eximbank, k\u0131ta genelinde Afreximbank d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Trade Development Bank, Ecowas Bank ve Africa Trade Insurance ile de ortakl\u0131k anla\u015fmalar\u0131 yaparak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Afrika \u00fclkelerine ihracat\u0131n\u0131 destekliyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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10 KAT ARTI\u015e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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T\u00fcrk Eximbank\u2019\u0131n 36 y\u0131ll\u0131k tecr\u00fcbesi ile Afreximbank\u2019la kurdu\u011fu ortakl\u0131k, her iki taraf\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 ve t\u00fcccar\u0131 i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilemez destek anlam\u0131na geliyor. \u00d6nemli olan, \u00fclkemizde say\u0131lar\u0131 15 bini ge\u00e7en ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ihra\u00e7 ettikleri mal ve hizmetleri \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmeleri, ihra\u00e7 mallar\u0131na yeni pazarlar\u0131n kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 ticarette paylar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. T\u00fcrk Eximbank\u2019\u0131n 2022\u2019de ihracat\u00e7\u0131lara sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 19.6 milyar dolar kredi ve 25.4 milyar dolar sigorta deste\u011fi olmak \u00fczere toplam 45 milyar dolar\u0131 bulan kaynak, Afreximbank\u2019\u0131n \u00fcye \u00fclkelere sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplam 50 milyar dolarl\u0131k miktara yak\u0131n seviyede. T\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 temaslar\u0131n neticesinde Afrika genelindeki ticaretimiz, 2002\u2019de 4.3 milyar dolarl\u0131k hacmini aradan ge\u00e7en 20 y\u0131lda 10 kat art\u0131rarak 2022\u2019de 40 milyar dolar\u0131 a\u015facak seviyeye getirdi. 2023 sonu itibar\u0131yla ihracatta toplam 265 milyar dolar\u0131 hedefleyen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Afrika\u2019daki pay\u0131n\u0131n da artmaya devam edece\u011fine kesin g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>

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YEN\u0130 HEDEF 60 M\u0130LYAR DOLAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Kurulu\u015fundan itibaren devaml\u0131 geli\u015fen Afreximbank\u2019\u0131n 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 sonu itibar\u0131yla toplam varl\u0131klar\u0131 ve garantileri 31 milyar dolar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Hissedar paylar\u0131 da 5.21 milyar dolar\u0131 buldu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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2016-2021 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda k\u0131ta \u00fclkelerinin ekonomilerini desteklemek i\u00e7in 50 milyar dolar\u0131 a\u015fan \u00f6demede bulundu.<\/span><\/p>


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\u00d6zellikle 2020-2021 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Afrika\u2019da Covid-19\u2019un sebep oldu\u011fu menfi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in 50 milyar dolar\u0131n kullan\u0131labilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemliydi.<\/span><\/p>

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Ayr\u0131ca Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden de baz\u0131 ciddi tedbirler al\u0131nd\u0131. Afreximbank, gelecek i\u00e7in daha umutvar olup\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

2023-2026 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ikiye katlay\u0131p 60 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir hacme ula\u015fmay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"afrika-ile-ticaret-afreximbank-ile-artiyor","tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1688936400YDULkW0Pj2gV5cx.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":1837,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":30,"name":"AHMET","surname":"KAVAS","email":"prof-dr-ahmet-kavas@gmail.com","slug":"prof-dr-ahmet-kavas","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/17336916002RXDhDXyMw3kEXW.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-10-24T11:09:13.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T09:44:44.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":41589,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":41463,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"Afrika ile ticaret Afreximbank ile art\u0131yor","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":"PROF. DR. AHMET KAVAS","content":"


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Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131nda ihracat ve ithalat konular\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fc finans kurumu olmak \u00fczere 1993\u2019te kurulan Afreximbank, k\u0131tan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bankas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda. Banka, 2026 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Afrika i\u00e7i ticaretteki finansman a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in 26 milyar dolar kaynak sa\u011flayacak.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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\u0130\u015ftirakleri aras\u0131nda Afrika Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131, Afrika Merkez Bankas\u0131 ve k\u0131sa ad\u0131yla PAPSS olarak bilinen Pan-Afrika \u00d6deme ve Takas Sistemi bulunan Afreximbank, T\u00fcrk Eximbank ile de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. \u0130ki kurumun ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Afrika ticareti katlanarak art\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Afrika\u2019n\u0131n kalk\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 bizzat yine kendilerinden ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netecek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha da belirginle\u015fiyor. 1993 y\u0131l\u0131 ekim ay\u0131nda Nijerya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Abuja\u2019da, Afrika \u0130hracat ve \u0130thalat Bankas\u0131, k\u0131sa ad\u0131yla Afreximbank, b\u00fcy\u00fck hayallerle kurulurken, bir g\u00fcn gelip de k\u0131tan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bankas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp Afrika\u2019n\u0131n kaderinde hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 o d\u00f6nemde kestirmek zordu. Aradan ge\u00e7en 30 y\u0131l gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre, bu devasa co\u011frafyan\u0131n 54 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00fclkesini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir iktisadi g\u00fcce d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerindeki uygulamalar\u0131 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015fan \u00fclkelerin yak\u0131ndan takip edip bir an evvel devreye koymas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>

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\u00d6NC\u00dc F\u0130NANS KURUMU<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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T\u00fcm k\u0131tan\u0131n ihracat ve ithalat konular\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fc finans kurumu olarak Afreximbank\u2019\u0131n kurucular\u0131; Afrikal\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, \u00f6zel yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar, Afrikal\u0131 kurumlar, Afrika d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelen finans kurumlar\u0131 ve finans sa\u011flama amac\u0131yla gelen \u00f6zel yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar bir araya gelip k\u0131ta i\u00e7i ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile ihracat ve ithalat\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek ve geli\u015ftirmek istedi. 5 milyar dolar kaynak ile kurulan bu bankan\u0131n merkezi M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Kahire olarak belirlendi. Banka, 30 Eyl\u00fcl 1994 tarihinde faaliyete ge\u00e7irildi. 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 aral\u0131k ay\u0131 itibar\u0131yla \u00f6ncelikli olarak G\u00fcney Afrika b\u00f6lgesini kapsamas\u0131 i\u00e7in Zambiya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Harare, \u0130ngilizce konu\u015fulan Bat\u0131 Afrika \u00fclkelerini temsilen Nijerya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Abuja ve Frans\u0131zca konu\u015fulan Afrika \u00fclkeleri ad\u0131na Fildi\u015fi Sahili\u2019nin ekonomik ba\u015fkenti Abidjan\u2019a ilk \u015fubeleri a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sonra bu a\u011f i\u00e7inde Do\u011fu Afrika\u2019y\u0131 temsil etmek \u00fczere Uganda\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Kampala ve Orta Afrika B\u00f6lgesi \u00fclkeleri ad\u0131na da Kamerun\u2019un ba\u015fkenti Yaunde ilave edildi. \u00dcyelerinin sadece Afrika Birli\u011fi as\u0131l \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda yer almalar\u0131na \u00f6ncelik verilirken, istisnai olarak 2023\u2019te ise Karayip Adalar\u0131\u2019nda bir temsilcilik a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflendi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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\u0130\u015eT\u0130RAKLER\u0130 DE VAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Kurulu\u015fundan itibaren Afreximbank, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde 3. ba\u015fkan\u0131 ile ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yoluna devam ediyor. \u0130\u015ftirakleri aras\u0131nda Afrika Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131, Afrika Merkez Bankas\u0131 ve k\u0131sa ad\u0131yla PAPSS olarak bilinen Pan-Afrika \u00d6deme ve Takas Sistemi bulunuyor.<\/span><\/p>


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2023 y\u0131l\u0131 sonuna kadar Afrika\u2019da 15-20 \u00fclkenin daha k\u0131ta i\u00e7inde kendi aralar\u0131nda \u00f6deme ve takas d\u00fczenine kat\u0131lmas\u0131 bekleniyor. K\u0131saca PAPSS denen, bir anlamda Pan-Afrika \u00d6deme ve Takas D\u00fczeni, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Bunun amac\u0131, 54 \u00fclkenin an\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi \u00f6demelerinin yerel para birimiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesidir. \u0130lk \u00f6nce Bat\u0131 Afrika Para Birli\u011fi B\u00f6lgesindeki Gambiya, Gana, Liberya ve Nijerya gibi 9 \u00fclkede test edildi. Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in 500 milyon dolarl\u0131k bir kaynak kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Sat\u0131n alma i\u015flemleri, para aktar\u0131mlar\u0131, maa\u015f \u00f6demeleri, hisse senedi al\u0131m-sat\u0131mlar\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek mebla\u011fl\u0131 ticari i\u015flemler art\u0131k bu yolla ger\u00e7ekle\u015febiliyor. Bu uygulama beklendi\u011fi gibi geli\u015fti\u011fi takdirde her y\u0131l 5 milyar dolar tutar\u0131nda bir kaynak k\u0131ta i\u00e7inde kalacak ve halen di\u011fer k\u0131talardaki bankalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yap\u0131lan \u00f6demelere verilmemi\u015f olacak.<\/span><\/p>

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Afrika\u2019da k\u0131ta \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6deme ve takas d\u00fczeni, bu uygulama tam anlam\u0131yla faaliyete ge\u00e7ene kadar d\u00f6viz kurlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmeye devam ediyor. Fransa taraf\u0131ndan bas\u0131lan ve 14 \u00fclke taraf\u0131ndan tedav\u00fclde tutulan Bat\u0131 ve Orta Afrika Frank\u0131 dahil toplam 54 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00fclkede 42 farkl\u0131 para birimi bulunuyor. Bu yeni uygulama ile PAPSS\u2019a kat\u0131lan devletler kendi aralar\u0131nda kendi yerel paralar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir kur \u00fczerinden i\u015flem g\u00f6rmelerini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Afreximbank ve t\u00fcm \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin merkez bankalar\u0131 ile ortakla\u015fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Yine de her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli s\u00fcre\u00e7 hen\u00fcz tamamlanmad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>

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T\u0130CARETE KAYNAK<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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2026 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Afrika i\u00e7i ticaretteki finansman a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in Afreximbank ek olarak 26 milyar dolar\u0131 bulan bir kaynak sa\u011flayacak. Zaten \u015fu anda 600 b\u00fcy\u00fck bankadan 500 kadar\u0131n\u0131n swift i\u015flemi yapmas\u0131 da bunun bir g\u00f6stergesi. Hatta bu i\u015flemler Afreximbank\u2019\u0131 k\u0131tadaki en geni\u015f banka a\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f durumda. 2020-2022 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda k\u0131ta genelinde 50 milyar dolar da\u011f\u0131tarak bir\u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcmete, merkez ve ticari bankaya, t\u00fczel ki\u015fiye, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve ortak i\u015fletmelere destek vermesi ve son ekonomik krizleri g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslemesi, bu bankan\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ifade ediyor.<\/span><\/p>

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D\u00fcnyada giderek artan dolars\u0131zla\u015fma e\u011filimi yan\u0131nda Afrika\u2019daki ama\u00e7 da k\u0131sa vadede ABD para biriminden kurtulmak de\u011fil. Asl\u0131nda dolar, yuan ve Euro gibi para birimleriyle u\u011fra\u015fmadan Pan-Afrikan \u00f6deme d\u00fczeninin geni\u015flemesi hedefleniyor ve bunun i\u00e7in de Afreximbank 3 milyar dolarl\u0131k kaynak ay\u0131rd\u0131. Afrika \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda takas ve \u00f6deme yap\u0131l\u0131rken arac\u0131 bankalara verilen i\u015fletim \u00fccretleri ortadan kalkacak ve k\u0131ta d\u0131\u015f\u0131na bu i\u015flemler i\u00e7in bir dolar \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmayacak. Bu sayede PAPSS\u2019a \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki ticari i\u015flemlerde kendi yerel para birimleriyle bir \u00f6deme d\u00fczeni yerle\u015ftirip k\u0131ta genelini kapsayan bir seviyeye gelmesi sa\u011flanacak. \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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D\u0130J\u0130TAL \u00d6DEME S\u0130STEM\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Afreximbank, t\u00fcm k\u0131ta genelinde ilk dijital \u00f6deme d\u00fczenine de hayatiyet verdi. B\u00f6ylece i\u00e7 ticaretin te\u015fvikinde bir a\u015fama daha kaydedildi. Al\u0131nan neticeler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Afrika ekonomilerinin daha fazla par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilerek az geli\u015fmi\u015flik belas\u0131n\u0131 bir an evvel ciddi oranda \u00f6nlemek olacak. B\u00f6ylece yabanc\u0131 para birimlerinin Afrikal\u0131lar aras\u0131 ticari i\u015flemlerdeki m\u00fcdahaleleri azalacak. Daha da \u00f6nemlisi kendi aralar\u0131nda i\u00e7 ticaret i\u015flemleri h\u0131zlanacak ve i\u00e7 \u00f6demeler bir anlamda evcille\u015fecek. B\u00f6ylece kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen t\u00fcm ticari faaliyetler m\u00fcmk\u00fcn mertebe kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nacak ve toplamda 50 milyar dolar\u0131 bulan bu devasa hacim kay\u0131t alt\u0131na girecek.<\/span><\/p>

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KITA T\u0130CARET\u0130N\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eT\u0130RME<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Merkezi verilerine g\u00f6re Afrika \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki ticari i\u015flemlerin pay\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede kalmaya devam ediyor. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u0131ta i\u00e7i ithalat \u00f6nceki senede oldu\u011fu gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fad\u0131 ve 58.6 milyar dolarda kald\u0131. Bu, Afrika Birli\u011fi\u2019ne t\u00fcm \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ithalat\u0131n sadece y\u00fczde 12 gibi neredeyse onda bir oran\u0131nda seviyeyi temsil ediyor. Temel sebeplerden biri, Afrika devletlerinin tedav\u00fclde tuttuklar\u0131 para birimlerinin fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131. E\u011fer PAPSS hakk\u0131yla uygulan\u0131rsa Afrika Serbest Ticaret B\u00f6lgesi Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da etkisini art\u0131racak. Gelinen bu noktada elde edilen ba\u015far\u0131, \u00e7ok de\u011fil birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6nce dahi ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zor onlarca y\u0131ll\u0131k bir r\u00fcyan\u0131n ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f halidir.<\/span><\/p>

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Afreximbank ile Afrika i\u00e7i ticareti geli\u015ftirme, \u00e7e\u015fitlendirme, geni\u015fletme, sanayile\u015fme ve ihracat geli\u015ftirme, ticari finansmanda \u00f6nderlik yap\u0131lmas\u0131, finansla ilgili g\u00fc\u00e7 ve elde edilen ba\u015far\u0131 \u00f6nemli. Uluslararas\u0131 kredilendirme kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n bu bankan\u0131n i\u015flem<\/span>lerine verdi\u011fi notlar da umut verici.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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T\u00dcRK YATIRIMCILARA F\u0130NANSMAN<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Afrika\u2019da her ge\u00e7en sene say\u0131lar\u0131 ve i\u015f hacimleri giderek artan T\u00fcrk firmalar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrk Eximbank ile k\u0131tada \u00f6nemli projeleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor. Afreximbank ile kurdu\u011fu yak\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fi sayesinde T\u00fcrk yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n daha fazla etkinlik yapt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6zleniyor. Bu banka, risk payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 da dahil T\u00fcrk Eximbank ile ticari i\u015flemlerde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor. 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla T\u00fcrk m\u00fcteahhitlik hizmetleri toplamda 428 milyar dolarl\u0131k ticaret hacmi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken, Afrika\u2019n\u0131n genelindeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 17\u2019lik orana ula\u015ft\u0131 ve 73 milyar dolar\u0131 buldu.<\/span><\/p>

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Afrika Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131ta d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan 25. \u00fcyesi olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 2010 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren hissedarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 da \u00f6nemli bir karar. T\u00fcrk Eximbank, k\u0131ta genelinde Afreximbank d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Trade Development Bank, Ecowas Bank ve Africa Trade Insurance ile de ortakl\u0131k anla\u015fmalar\u0131 yaparak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Afrika \u00fclkelerine ihracat\u0131n\u0131 destekliyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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10 KAT ARTI\u015e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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T\u00fcrk Eximbank\u2019\u0131n 36 y\u0131ll\u0131k tecr\u00fcbesi ile Afreximbank\u2019la kurdu\u011fu ortakl\u0131k, her iki taraf\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 ve t\u00fcccar\u0131 i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilemez destek anlam\u0131na geliyor. \u00d6nemli olan, \u00fclkemizde say\u0131lar\u0131 15 bini ge\u00e7en ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ihra\u00e7 ettikleri mal ve hizmetleri \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmeleri, ihra\u00e7 mallar\u0131na yeni pazarlar\u0131n kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 ticarette paylar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. T\u00fcrk Eximbank\u2019\u0131n 2022\u2019de ihracat\u00e7\u0131lara sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 19.6 milyar dolar kredi ve 25.4 milyar dolar sigorta deste\u011fi olmak \u00fczere toplam 45 milyar dolar\u0131 bulan kaynak, Afreximbank\u2019\u0131n \u00fcye \u00fclkelere sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplam 50 milyar dolarl\u0131k miktara yak\u0131n seviyede. T\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 temaslar\u0131n neticesinde Afrika genelindeki ticaretimiz, 2002\u2019de 4.3 milyar dolarl\u0131k hacmini aradan ge\u00e7en 20 y\u0131lda 10 kat art\u0131rarak 2022\u2019de 40 milyar dolar\u0131 a\u015facak seviyeye getirdi. 2023 sonu itibar\u0131yla ihracatta toplam 265 milyar dolar\u0131 hedefleyen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Afrika\u2019daki pay\u0131n\u0131n da artmaya devam edece\u011fine kesin g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>

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YEN\u0130 HEDEF 60 M\u0130LYAR DOLAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Kurulu\u015fundan itibaren devaml\u0131 geli\u015fen Afreximbank\u2019\u0131n 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 sonu itibar\u0131yla toplam varl\u0131klar\u0131 ve garantileri 31 milyar dolar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Hissedar paylar\u0131 da 5.21 milyar dolar\u0131 buldu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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2016-2021 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda k\u0131ta \u00fclkelerinin ekonomilerini desteklemek i\u00e7in 50 milyar dolar\u0131 a\u015fan \u00f6demede bulundu.<\/span><\/p>


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\u00d6zellikle 2020-2021 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Afrika\u2019da Covid-19\u2019un sebep oldu\u011fu menfi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in 50 milyar dolar\u0131n kullan\u0131labilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemliydi.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Ayr\u0131ca Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden de baz\u0131 ciddi tedbirler al\u0131nd\u0131. Afreximbank, gelecek i\u00e7in daha umutvar olup\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

2023-2026 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ikiye katlay\u0131p 60 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir hacme ula\u015fmay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"afrika-ile-ticaret-afreximbank-ile-artiyor","orjinalimage":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1688936400YDULkW0Pj2gV5cx.webp","news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1688936400YDULkW0Pj2gV5cx.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"view_count":1837,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2000-01-01 00:00:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}