{"status":true,"post":{"id":56477,"user_id":7,"status":1,"type":1,"orde":null,"notification_type":3,"static_post":0,"published_at":"2024-10-21 07:27:00","created_at":"2024-10-21T04:27:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-10-21T04:27:00.000000Z","edited_at":"2024-12-17 22:35:21","source_id":null,"post_id":56477,"is_featured":0,"title":"18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler hangi durumda sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lacak?","slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"category_id":73,"description":"\u0130SA KARAKA\u015e","content":"

Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sisteminde ve i\u015f mevzuat\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklara \u00f6zg\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve kurallar bulunuyor. SGK\u2019n\u0131n uygulamalar\u0131nda annesine veya babas\u0131na ait i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fcmeyyiz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler, vasinin i\u015ftirakiyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve hakim taraf\u0131ndan tasdik edilmi\u015f bir hizmet akdi mevcut olmad\u0131k\u00e7a sigortal\u0131 kabul edilmiyor. Fakat Yarg\u0131tay farkl\u0131 karar verebiliyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Ya\u015f\u0131 18\u2019den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olanlar\u0131n, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 halinde hangi durumlarda t\u00fcm sigorta kollar\u0131na tabi olarak sigortal\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131p say\u0131lmayacaklar\u0131 zaman zaman ya\u015fanan ihtilaflardan birini te\u015fkil ediyor. Kendi nam ve hesab\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya da \u015firket ortaklar\u0131 olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle Ba\u011f-Kur kapsam\u0131nda, memur stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde kamuda sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenlerden 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmayanlar genel olarak sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lm\u0131yor. Ancak bir meslek veya sanat okulunu bitirenlerden, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re mahkemece ergin k\u0131l\u0131nmak suretiyle \u00f6\u011frenimleriyle ilgili g\u00f6revlerde kamuda memur olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar hakk\u0131nda 18 ya\u015f\u0131n bitirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 aranm\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin 4\/1-b (Ba\u011f-Kur) ve 4\/1-c (memur) sigortal\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131nda kurallar net olarak belirlendi\u011finden bu sigortal\u0131larla ilgili pek \u00e7ok ihtilaf s\u00f6z konusu. As\u0131l ihtilaflar \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015fyerlerinde \u00f6zellikle de anne ve babalar\u0131na ait i\u015fyerlerinde 4\/1-a (SSK) kapsam\u0131nda sigortal\u0131 g\u00f6sterilenlerde ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Bu konu, emsal nitelikteki Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131 muvacehesinde yaz\u0131m\u0131zda de\u011ferlendirildi.<\/span><\/p>

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Konu: 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin ailelerine ait i\u015fyerindeki sigortal\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Karar\u0131 veren daire ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131: Yarg\u0131tay\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

10. Hukuk Dairesi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Karar bilgileri: Esas 2023\/1400, Karar 2023\/1658<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Yasal dayana\u011f\u0131: 506 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar Kanunu ve 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu ile bu kanuna istinaden yer verilen Sosyal Sigorta \u0130\u015flemleri Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ve 2013\/11 Say\u0131l\u0131 Genelge ile di\u011fer alt mevzuatta yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulaman\u0131n yasal dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil ediyor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

KURUM \u0130\u015eLEM\u0130 \u0130PTAL ED\u0130LD\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Davac\u0131 vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle, davac\u0131n\u0131n, 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce annesinin yan\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n, Medeni Kanun\u2019un 271. maddesi uyar\u0131nca ge\u00e7ersiz say\u0131lmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u2026 tarihli tahsis talebinin reddedildi\u011fini, \u00e7ocu\u011fu korumak i\u00e7in konulmu\u015f hukuk kural\u0131n\u0131n aksi sonu\u00e7 do\u011furdu\u011funu, kurum i\u015flemlerinin yerinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, kurum i\u015flemlerinin iptali ile davac\u0131n\u0131n 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmadan \u00f6nce annesine ait i\u015fyerinde ge\u00e7en \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funun tespitine karar verilmesini talep etti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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KARARDAK\u0130 GEREK\u00c7ELER<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi smd karar\u0131nda aynen; \u2018Somut davada, davac\u0131 ad\u0131na 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurdu\u011fu tarihten \u00f6nce annesine ait i\u015fyerinden yap\u0131lan bildirimlerin fiili ve ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia ve ispat edilmedi\u011fi gibi davac\u0131 ad\u0131na yap\u0131lan bildirimlerin do\u011fru oldu\u011funun ve davac\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131na bildirim yap\u0131lan tarihler aras\u0131nda i\u015fyerinde fiili olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fta d\u00f6nem bordrosunda ad\u0131 bulunan tan\u0131k \u2026\u2019un beyan\u0131 olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, gerek m\u00fclga 506 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda gerekse 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda; daval\u0131 kurumun i\u015flemine dayanak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fclga 743 say\u0131l\u0131 Medeni Kanun\u2019un (TMK) 271. maddesine veya halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan TMK\u2019n\u0131n 345. maddesine yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f herhangi bir at\u0131f bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi an\u0131lan madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde sigortal\u0131l\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik herhangi bir d\u00fczenlemeye de yer verilmemesi, \u00e7ocuk yarar\u0131na olan hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131n; \u00e7ocuk aleyhine yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ve b\u00f6ylece vazge\u00e7ilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ve sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131ndan \u00e7ocu\u011fun mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hukuk ve adalet ilkeleriyle de ba\u011fda\u015fmamas\u0131, dosya kapsam\u0131 de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde; verilen kararda isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011finden, istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun esastan reddine karar verildi. Bu kez temyiz yoluna gidildi. Netice itibar\u0131yla Yarg\u0131tay 10. Hukuk Dairesi de karar\u0131 aynen kabul ederek kurum i\u015flemini iptal etti.<\/span><\/p>

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VATANDA\u015eIN LEH\u0130NE\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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28 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n SSK\/SGK Ba\u015fm\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fimde bizzat yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m tefti\u015flerde, \u00fclkemizde en yayg\u0131n sahte sigortal\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden biri olarak, i\u015fverenlerin yanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerini SSK\/SGK\u2019ya kanunen bildirmeleri mecburken bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin yerine yine kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak hizmet akdine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 halde e\u015f, \u00e7ocuk ve akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 4\/1-a kapsam\u0131nda sigortal\u0131 g\u00f6sterdiklerini m\u00fc\u015fahede ettim. SGK denetim elemanlar\u0131 bu y\u00f6nde ciddi \u00e7aba sarf ederken maalesef mevzunun sa\u011flam yasal dayana\u011fa oturtulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fcyor. Sahte sigortal\u0131l\u0131k iddialar\u0131na ili\u015fkin SGK\u2019n\u0131n zaman\u0131nda tespiti ve i\u015flem yapmamas\u0131 halinde de ma\u011fduriyetler ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Mezkur davada da 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck iken yap\u0131lan sigortal\u0131l\u0131k SGK taraf\u0131ndan emeklilik m\u00fcracaat\u0131 esnas\u0131nda iptal edildi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla SGK\u2019n\u0131n zaman\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu sigortal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n fiili ve ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde tespiti bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan mahkeme telafisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ma\u011fduriyeti bertaraf etmek i\u00e7in vatanda\u015f lehine karar vererek SGK i\u015flemini iptal etti.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

BURADA AC\u0130L YASAL D\u00dcZENLEME ELZEM<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

SGK, mevcut uygulamalar\u0131nda halen annesine veya babas\u0131na ait i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fcmeyyiz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin vasinin i\u015ftirakiyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve hakim taraf\u0131ndan tasdik edilmi\u015f bir hizmet akdi mevcut olmad\u0131k\u00e7a sigortal\u0131 kabul etmiyor. Ancak emsal nitelikteki kararla SGK uygulama kanunlar\u0131nda kurumun i\u015flemine dayanak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mezkur Medeni Kanun\u2019un h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine herhangi bir at\u0131fta bulunma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir yasal d\u00fczenleme bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, s\u0131rf bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlere ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde \u00e7ocuk yarar\u0131na konulmu\u015f olan hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131n; \u00e7ocuk aleyhine yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131n, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131ndan \u00e7ocu\u011fun mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hukuk\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

ve adalet ilkeleri ile de ba\u011fda\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki karar\u0131n isabetli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Bu ba\u011flamda SGK\u2019n\u0131n ivedi olarak yasal d\u00fczenleme yapmas\u0131n\u0131n elzem oldu\u011fu a\u015fikar.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

GER\u00c7EKTEN \u00c7ALI\u015eANLAR S\u0130GORTALI KAYDED\u0130LMEL\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Yasal bo\u015fluk olsa bile an\u0131lan Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131nda \u2018fiili ve ger\u00e7ek hizmet akdi\u2019 vurgusu g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131. Bu ba\u011flamda\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veya b\u00fcy\u00fck fark etmeksizin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 fiili ve ger\u00e7ek hizmet akdine g\u00f6re olmayanlar\u0131n, 4\/1-a sigortal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi halinde mutlaka iptal edilece\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131. Hal b\u00f6yleyken i\u015fyerinde ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sigortal\u0131 bildirilmeleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayanlar\u0131n ise kesinlikle bildirilmemeleri hem gereksiz yarg\u0131lama, idari para cezalar\u0131, te\u015fvik iptalleri ve di\u011fer m\u00fceyyidelerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamak i\u00e7in hayati ehemmiyet arz ediyor.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"18-yasindan-kucukler-hangi-durumda-sigortali-sayilacak","tags":null,"meta_title":"18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler hangi durumda sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lacak?","meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1729458000IwE1Voxa77Rw2hi.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"view_count":275,"cropped_1200x675":null,"user":{"id":7,"name":"\u0130SA","surname":"KARAKA\u015e","email":"igurmen@yandex.com.tr","slug":"isa-karakas","avatar":"\/front\/uploads\/avatar\/1733691600UsNll1YpnmquGG1.webp","status":1,"role":1,"email_verified_at":null,"orde":null,"created_at":"2022-09-15T09:39:41.000000Z","updated_at":"2024-12-18T10:20:38.000000Z","seo_title":null,"seo_description":null},"translations":[{"id":56603,"is_featured":0,"is_amp":0,"is_ads":0,"ads_link":null,"post_id":56477,"locale":"tr","category_id":73,"title":"18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler hangi durumda sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lacak?","home_title":null,"sub_title":null,"slider_title":null,"slider_title_2":null,"slider_spot_title":null,"slider_spot_title_2":null,"subtitleuse":0,"description":"\u0130SA KARAKA\u015e","content":"

Sosyal g\u00fcvenlik sisteminde ve i\u015f mevzuat\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklara \u00f6zg\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ve kurallar bulunuyor. SGK\u2019n\u0131n uygulamalar\u0131nda annesine veya babas\u0131na ait i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fcmeyyiz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler, vasinin i\u015ftirakiyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve hakim taraf\u0131ndan tasdik edilmi\u015f bir hizmet akdi mevcut olmad\u0131k\u00e7a sigortal\u0131 kabul edilmiyor. Fakat Yarg\u0131tay farkl\u0131 karar verebiliyor.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Ya\u015f\u0131 18\u2019den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olanlar\u0131n, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 halinde hangi durumlarda t\u00fcm sigorta kollar\u0131na tabi olarak sigortal\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131p say\u0131lmayacaklar\u0131 zaman zaman ya\u015fanan ihtilaflardan birini te\u015fkil ediyor. Kendi nam ve hesab\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya da \u015firket ortaklar\u0131 olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle Ba\u011f-Kur kapsam\u0131nda, memur stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde kamuda sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenlerden 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmayanlar genel olarak sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lm\u0131yor. Ancak bir meslek veya sanat okulunu bitirenlerden, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re mahkemece ergin k\u0131l\u0131nmak suretiyle \u00f6\u011frenimleriyle ilgili g\u00f6revlerde kamuda memur olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar hakk\u0131nda 18 ya\u015f\u0131n bitirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 aranm\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin 4\/1-b (Ba\u011f-Kur) ve 4\/1-c (memur) sigortal\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131nda kurallar net olarak belirlendi\u011finden bu sigortal\u0131larla ilgili pek \u00e7ok ihtilaf s\u00f6z konusu. As\u0131l ihtilaflar \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015fyerlerinde \u00f6zellikle de anne ve babalar\u0131na ait i\u015fyerlerinde 4\/1-a (SSK) kapsam\u0131nda sigortal\u0131 g\u00f6sterilenlerde ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Bu konu, emsal nitelikteki Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131 muvacehesinde yaz\u0131m\u0131zda de\u011ferlendirildi.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Konu: 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin ailelerine ait i\u015fyerindeki sigortal\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Karar\u0131 veren daire ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131: Yarg\u0131tay\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

10. Hukuk Dairesi\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Karar bilgileri: Esas 2023\/1400, Karar 2023\/1658<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Yasal dayana\u011f\u0131: 506 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar Kanunu ve 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu ile bu kanuna istinaden yer verilen Sosyal Sigorta \u0130\u015flemleri Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ve 2013\/11 Say\u0131l\u0131 Genelge ile di\u011fer alt mevzuatta yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulaman\u0131n yasal dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil ediyor.<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

KURUM \u0130\u015eLEM\u0130 \u0130PTAL ED\u0130LD\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Davac\u0131 vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde \u00f6zetle, davac\u0131n\u0131n, 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce annesinin yan\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n, Medeni Kanun\u2019un 271. maddesi uyar\u0131nca ge\u00e7ersiz say\u0131lmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u2026 tarihli tahsis talebinin reddedildi\u011fini, \u00e7ocu\u011fu korumak i\u00e7in konulmu\u015f hukuk kural\u0131n\u0131n aksi sonu\u00e7 do\u011furdu\u011funu, kurum i\u015flemlerinin yerinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, kurum i\u015flemlerinin iptali ile davac\u0131n\u0131n 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmadan \u00f6nce annesine ait i\u015fyerinde ge\u00e7en \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funun tespitine karar verilmesini talep etti.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

KARARDAK\u0130 GEREK\u00c7ELER<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi smd karar\u0131nda aynen; \u2018Somut davada, davac\u0131 ad\u0131na 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurdu\u011fu tarihten \u00f6nce annesine ait i\u015fyerinden yap\u0131lan bildirimlerin fiili ve ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia ve ispat edilmedi\u011fi gibi davac\u0131 ad\u0131na yap\u0131lan bildirimlerin do\u011fru oldu\u011funun ve davac\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131na bildirim yap\u0131lan tarihler aras\u0131nda i\u015fyerinde fiili olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fta d\u00f6nem bordrosunda ad\u0131 bulunan tan\u0131k \u2026\u2019un beyan\u0131 olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, gerek m\u00fclga 506 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda gerekse 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunda; daval\u0131 kurumun i\u015flemine dayanak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fclga 743 say\u0131l\u0131 Medeni Kanun\u2019un (TMK) 271. maddesine veya halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan TMK\u2019n\u0131n 345. maddesine yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f herhangi bir at\u0131f bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi an\u0131lan madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde sigortal\u0131l\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik herhangi bir d\u00fczenlemeye de yer verilmemesi, \u00e7ocuk yarar\u0131na olan hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131n; \u00e7ocuk aleyhine yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ve b\u00f6ylece vazge\u00e7ilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ve sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131ndan \u00e7ocu\u011fun mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hukuk ve adalet ilkeleriyle de ba\u011fda\u015fmamas\u0131, dosya kapsam\u0131 de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde; verilen kararda isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011finden, istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun esastan reddine karar verildi. Bu kez temyiz yoluna gidildi. Netice itibar\u0131yla Yarg\u0131tay 10. Hukuk Dairesi de karar\u0131 aynen kabul ederek kurum i\u015flemini iptal etti.<\/span><\/p>

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VATANDA\u015eIN LEH\u0130NE\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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28 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n SSK\/SGK Ba\u015fm\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fimde bizzat yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m tefti\u015flerde, \u00fclkemizde en yayg\u0131n sahte sigortal\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden biri olarak, i\u015fverenlerin yanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerini SSK\/SGK\u2019ya kanunen bildirmeleri mecburken bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin yerine yine kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak hizmet akdine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 halde e\u015f, \u00e7ocuk ve akrabalar\u0131n\u0131 4\/1-a kapsam\u0131nda sigortal\u0131 g\u00f6sterdiklerini m\u00fc\u015fahede ettim. SGK denetim elemanlar\u0131 bu y\u00f6nde ciddi \u00e7aba sarf ederken maalesef mevzunun sa\u011flam yasal dayana\u011fa oturtulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fcyor. Sahte sigortal\u0131l\u0131k iddialar\u0131na ili\u015fkin SGK\u2019n\u0131n zaman\u0131nda tespiti ve i\u015flem yapmamas\u0131 halinde de ma\u011fduriyetler ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Mezkur davada da 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck iken yap\u0131lan sigortal\u0131l\u0131k SGK taraf\u0131ndan emeklilik m\u00fcracaat\u0131 esnas\u0131nda iptal edildi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla SGK\u2019n\u0131n zaman\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu sigortal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n fiili ve ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde tespiti bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan mahkeme telafisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ma\u011fduriyeti bertaraf etmek i\u00e7in vatanda\u015f lehine karar vererek SGK i\u015flemini iptal etti.<\/span><\/p>

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BURADA AC\u0130L YASAL D\u00dcZENLEME ELZEM<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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SGK, mevcut uygulamalar\u0131nda halen annesine veya babas\u0131na ait i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fcmeyyiz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin vasinin i\u015ftirakiyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve hakim taraf\u0131ndan tasdik edilmi\u015f bir hizmet akdi mevcut olmad\u0131k\u00e7a sigortal\u0131 kabul etmiyor. Ancak emsal nitelikteki kararla SGK uygulama kanunlar\u0131nda kurumun i\u015flemine dayanak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mezkur Medeni Kanun\u2019un h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine herhangi bir at\u0131fta bulunma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir yasal d\u00fczenleme bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, s\u0131rf bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlere ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde \u00e7ocuk yarar\u0131na konulmu\u015f olan hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131n; \u00e7ocuk aleyhine yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131n, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131ndan \u00e7ocu\u011fun mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hukuk\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

ve adalet ilkeleri ile de ba\u011fda\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki karar\u0131n isabetli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

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Bu ba\u011flamda SGK\u2019n\u0131n ivedi olarak yasal d\u00fczenleme yapmas\u0131n\u0131n elzem oldu\u011fu a\u015fikar.<\/span><\/p>

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GER\u00c7EKTEN \u00c7ALI\u015eANLAR S\u0130GORTALI KAYDED\u0130LMEL\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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Yasal bo\u015fluk olsa bile an\u0131lan Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131nda \u2018fiili ve ger\u00e7ek hizmet akdi\u2019 vurgusu g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131. Bu ba\u011flamda\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veya b\u00fcy\u00fck fark etmeksizin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 fiili ve ger\u00e7ek hizmet akdine g\u00f6re olmayanlar\u0131n, 4\/1-a sigortal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi halinde mutlaka iptal edilece\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131. Hal b\u00f6yleyken i\u015fyerinde ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sigortal\u0131 bildirilmeleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayanlar\u0131n ise kesinlikle bildirilmemeleri hem gereksiz yarg\u0131lama, idari para cezalar\u0131, te\u015fvik iptalleri ve di\u011fer m\u00fceyyidelerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamak i\u00e7in hayati ehemmiyet arz ediyor.<\/span><\/p>","slug":"18-yasindan-kucukler-hangi-durumda-sigortali-sayilacak","orjinalimage":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1729458000IwE1Voxa77Rw2hi.webp","news_cover_min":"\/front\/uploads\/blog\/thumbnail\/1729458000IwE1Voxa77Rw2hi.webp","news_cover":null,"news_video_min":null,"news_video":null,"cropped_638x552":null,"cropped_310x208":null,"cropped_416x247":null,"cropped_197x247":null,"cropped_416x600":null,"cropped_1200x675":null,"tags":null,"meta_title":"18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler hangi durumda sigortal\u0131 say\u0131lacak?","meta_description":null,"meta_keywords":null,"view_count":275,"yt":0,"ytid":"","ytimage":null,"imgdate":"2024-11-20 06:42:00","cuff_cover":null,"cropped_358x214":null,"cropped_842x474":null}]}}